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Communication Systems and Signal Processing

Communication Systems and Signal Processing. Direct Sensor-to-Satellite Link for Sensor-Detected Activities. Faculty : A. Zaghloul Theses are in preparation by: Erica Lau and Mohammad Al-Saleh Description :

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Communication Systems and Signal Processing

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  1. Communication Systemsand Signal Processing

  2. Direct Sensor-to-Satellite Linkfor Sensor-Detected Activities • Faculty: A. Zaghloul Theses are in preparation by: Erica Lau and Mohammad Al-Saleh • Description: Information on terrorist/enemy activities related to seismic, nuclear, chemical or thermal data are picked up through randomly located and camouflaged micro-sensors. Information is coded and relayed to satellites with miniature, continuously scanning phased arrays. Objectives are to prove the concept by analysis and parametric studies and develop the model for the sensor package that includes miniature phased array that uses MEMS or MMIC components, CDMA modulator, upconverter, power and control subsystems. System Concept Sensor Package

  3. Robust Suppression of Impulsive Noise in Cellular Communications • Faculty: Lamine Mili • Funding: Lockheed Martin • Description: Developing robust methods to detect and suppress impulsive noise (“clicks”) using LPC synthesis and robust Kalman filtering in wireless communications (cellular). Read more: M. Gandhi et al., “Robust Methods for Impulsive Noise Suppression in Speech”, IEEE Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology, Dec. 2005

  4. Ultra-Wideband Communication Systems: Spectrum Overlay Issues • Faculty: Claudio da Silva • Description: Analysis of the effects of narrowband interference for ultra-wideband systems, including signal acquisition, channel estimation, and multipath combining. Development of interference mitigation techniques for UWB transceivers. Read more: C. R. C. M. da Silva and L. B. Milstein, “The Effects of Narrowband Interference on UWB Communication Systems With Imperfect Channel Estimation,” IEEE JSAC, April 2006.

  5. Faster Mitigation of NB Interference • Faculty: A. A. (Louis) Beex • Collaborating with: J. R. Zeidler at UCSD • Description: We are analyzing the beneficial effects of alternative structures for adaptive algorithms; one such benefit can be faster convergence (by several orders of magnitude). Read more: A. Batra, J.R. Zeidler & A.A. Beex, “Mitigation of Unknown Narrowband Interference Using Adaptive Equalizers,” EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 4-8 September 2006.

  6. Game Theory and Interference Avoidance • Faculty: A. B. MacKenzie, R. M. Buehrer, and J. H. Reed • Student: R. Menon • Description: We have developed game theoretic models of spread-spectrum interference avoidance (IA). These models enable new IA techniques which are uniquely applicable to ad hoc networks. Read more: R. Menon, et. al. “A Game-Theoretic Framework for Interference Avoidance in Ad Hoc Networks,” to appear IEEE Globecom, 2006.

  7. Transmit Pre-coding for Ultra-Wideband Communication Systems • Faculty: R.M. Buehrer • Sponsor: ONR • Description: UWB channels are very rich in multipath. With link feedback this rich multipath can be exploited to provide large performance gains (akin to transmit beam-forming) even with noisy channel estimates Read more: J. Ibrahim, R. Menon, and R.M. Buehrer, “UWB Signal Detection Based on Sequence Optimization for Dense Multipath Channels,” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 228-230, April 2006.

  8. Ultra Wide Band Ranging for Unloading Ship Cargo • Faculty: R.M. Buehrer, A. Nayfeh, with support from W.A. Davis • Funding: ONR • Description: Develop an UWB based system that will allow fast and smooth loading/unloading of cargo crates from ship to ship or ship to dock. • Status: A proposed system was developed and demonstrated using a 1/24 scale crate and crane.

  9. Location Positioning of Non-Active Objects Using Ultra-Wideband Radios • Faculty: Claudio da Silva and R. Michael Buehrer • Description: we are developing indoor location positioning method for non-active objects (that is, objects that do not transmit radio waves) using off-the-shelf ultra-wideband radios. Read more: W. C. Headley, C. R. C. M. da Silva, and R. M. Buehrer, “Indoor Location Positioning of Non-Active Objects Using Ultra-Wideband Radios,” IEEE RWS 2007.

  10. “Area of Interest” Reference Nodes Routing Path for Location Estimates Transmission Radius xi Data-Sink xj Fixed Anchors x(t) Trajectory of mobile node Mobile Node L UWB Position-Location Networks • Faculty: R. Michael Buehrer • Funding: NSF, ONR • Description: We are developing ultra-wideband position-location networks, capable of fusing low-data rate communications with accurate localization in dense multipath environments, especially indoors. Applications of such networks include tracking of fire-fighters, military personnel and robots in remote or hazardous locations. Read more: S. Venkatesh et al., “Multiple-Access Design for UWB Position-Location Networks,” IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, March 2005.

  11. Wireless Vital Signs Monitoring • Faculty: R. Michael Buehrer • Funding: IR&D • Description: We are developing UWB-based radar system which is capable of monitoring breathing and heart rate for multiple individuals. System tracks small repetitive changes in the multipath profile in specific frequency bands to estimate heart and chest cavity motion. Applications include home health monitoring, disaster relief, in-transit vital signs monitoring, etc. Read more: S.Venkatesh, C.R. Anderson, N.V.Rivera and R.M. Buehrer, “Implementation and Analysis of Respiration-Rate Estimation using Impulse-based Ultra-Wideband,” IEEE Military Communications Conference MILCOM2005, Atlantic City, NJ, October 2005.

  12. Nonlinear Effects in Adaptive Filtering • Faculty: A. A. (Louis) Beex • Collaborating with: J. R. Zeidler at UCSD • Description: We are analyzing the beneficial nonlinear behavior of adaptive filtering algorithms in a wide range of applications and looking for practical scenarios with performance benefit. Adaptive Equalization Example Read more: A.A. Beex & J.R. Zeidler, “Steady-state dynamic weight behavior in (N)LMS adaptive filters,” Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters, eds. S. Haykin & B. Widrow, Hoboken: John Wiley, 2002.

  13. Signal Processing on FPGA • Faculty: A. A. (Louis) Beex • Description: Maximizing DSP capability and flexibility for adaptive processing by maximizing the signal processing tasks executed on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This kind of optimization is critical for applications with limited (legacy, space, etc) computational resources.

  14. Graphical Inferencing Techniques for Joint Separation, Equalization, Synchronization, and Decoding Faculty: L. Mili, A. Zaghloul Student: R. Taylor, Sponsor: MITRE Description: We are developing graphical modeling and inferencing algorithms to efficiently solve the unified receiver design problem. Simple example: Forney-style factor graph of an asynchronous two-user multiple access channel with 3-tap impulse responses and (7,4,3) Hamming-coded sources. http://filebox.vt.edu/~rmtaylor/Graphical_Modeling/graphical_modeling_references.html

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