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CNS

The Canadian Nuclear Society. People supporting applied nuclear science & technology Communication on technical nuclear issues Independent – no corporate, government mandate Established 1979, independently incorporated 1998. Media. Scientists & Engineers. Decision Makers. Educators.

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CNS

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  1. The Canadian Nuclear Society • People supporting applied nuclear science & technology • Communication on technical nuclear issues • Independent – no corporate, government mandate • Established 1979, independently incorporated 1998 Media Scientists & Engineers Decision Makers Educators CNS FREEMEMBERSHIP Students Administrators Nuclear Operators Interested Public

  2. Canadian Nuclear Science and Technology: Innovation and Excellence for over 60 years Dr. George LaurenceCanadian Nuclear Pioneer National Research Council, Ottawa, 1940 Record-breaking twin CANDUs at Qinshan, China, 2003

  3. CANDU: “One of Canada’s top ten engineering achievements of the past century” Canadian engineering centennial, 1987 Pickering, Ontario

  4. In the beginning …

  5. 1910 … • describes nuclear structure of atoms 1919 … • describes artificial transmutation Otto Hahn, 26 yrs. old, later to receive the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of fission Ernest Rutherford 1898-1907 … Ernest Rutherford • at McGill University • describes radioactivity • Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1908 (1871 - 1937) McGill University,1905

  6. “If it were ever possible to control at will the rate of disintegration of the radio-elements, an enormous amount of energy could be obtained from a small amount of matter” Ernest Rutherford, Montreal, 1904

  7. 1932 … James Chadwick (1891 - 1974) • discoverer of the neutron, 1932 • Nobel Prize in Physics, 1935 • start of the Neutron Transmutation “bandwagon” ? # protons # neutrons

  8. “The energy produced by the breaking down of the atom is a very poor kind of thing. Anyone who expects a source of power from the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine” Sir Ernest Rutherford, London, 1933 (1871 - 1937)

  9. September: WAR ! (Hitler, Mussolini, Tojo) 1939 … • January: FISSION ! (Hahn, Strassmann, Meitner, Frisch)

  10. Hans von Halban Lew Kowarski Have heavy water, will travel 1940 … • French heavy-water research evades the Nazis to the U.K., and subsequently to Canada (1942)

  11. 1940-1942 … George Laurence (1905 - 1987) • First fission experiments in Canada and the world, 1940-42 • National Research Council, Ottawa

  12. Hans von Halban George Laurence 1942-1944 “Montreal Group” (U. of Montreal) Mandate: heavy-water plutonium-production reactor for the Manhattan Project

  13. 1944 … Chalk River Laboratories

  14. Chalk River Laboratories (today)

  15. Lew Kowarski 1945 … ZEEP: first reactor in the worldoutside the U.S.A.

  16. Canada in 1945: • Second largest nuclear infrastructure on the planet • Atomic bomb knowledge • World experts on heavy-water reactor • Uranium supplies • World’s most powerful research reactor (NRX) under construction … WHERE TO GO FROM HERE…?

  17. Canada’s Choice: Peaceful Applications of Nuclear Energy NRX (1947) NRU (1957) A Mecca for nuclear research

  18. 1951 … COBALT CANCER THERAPY “The Atom Bomb That Saves Lives” MacLean’s Magazine University of Western Ontario University of Saskatchewan FIRST PATIENT: 27 Oct, 1951 FIRST PATIENT: 8 Nov, 1951

  19. 1952 … Government creates Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd.

  20. 1950’s … Triple Axis Spectrometer, 1958 Bertram Brockhouse (Nobel Prize in Physics, 1994) Tandem Accelerator, 1959 Ted Litherland, Allan Bromley, Harry Gove

  21. A Canadian Gift to the World: Cancer Therapy and Nuclear Medicine 1950’s …

  22. 1962 … NUCLEAR POWER DEMONSTRATION (Rolphton, Ont.)

  23. 2004… CANDU Reactors Around the World Operating & Under Construction or Refurbishment Canada (22) Romania (2) South Korea (4) China (2) Pakistan (1) India (2) Argentina (1)

  24. Pickering, Ontario(1971-73, 1983-86) Darlington, Ontario (1990-93) Nuclear Power Demonstration (NPD), Ontario (1962) Bruce, Ontario(1977-79, 1985-87) CANDUinCanada Douglas Point, Ontario (1966) Gentilly 1 and 2, Quebec(1971, 1983) Pt. Lepreau, New Brunswick(1983)

  25. Wolsong, South Korea(1982, 1997-99) Embalse, Argentina (1984) Qinshan, China(2002-03) Cernavoda, Romania(1996, 2006, …?) CANDUaroundthe world Kanupp, Pakistan (1972) Rajasthan, India (1973, 1982)

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