Remote Sensing of Our Environment

1. Remote Sensing of Our Environment Using Satellite Digital Images to Analyze the Earth’s Surface

2. CIR Film at Close Range

3. Air Photos

4. Artist’s Rendition of SPOT Satellite

5. Definition of Remote Sensing • Remote sensing is the science and art of acquiring information (spectral, spatial, temporal) about material objects, area, or phenomenon, without coming into physical contact.

6. EMR • In remote sensing, information transfer is accomplished by use of electromagnetic radiation (EMR).

7. Electromagnetic Radiation

9. Electromagnetic Spectrum

11. Geraniums - Normal Color Film

12. Geraniums - CIR Film

13. Normal Color/CIR Comparison

14. Thermal Radiometer

15. Archeology Site - South Dakota

16. Big Brother Watching…..

17. Interactions between Matter and Electro-magnetic Radiation • All matter reflects, absorbs, penetrates and emits electro-magnetic radiation in a unique way. • For example, the reason why a leaf looks green is that the chlorophyll absorbs blue and red spectra and reflects the green spectrum

18. Types of Remote Sensing with Respect to Wavelength Regions • Remote sensing is classified into three types with respect to the wavelength regions; • (1)Visible and Reflective Infrared Remote Sensing, • (2)Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing and • (3)Microwave Remote Sensing

19. Spectral Reflectance of Land Covers Spectral reflectance of vegetation, soil and water

20. Spectral Reflectance of Land Covers Spectral reflectance of different kinds of trees

21. Landsat MSS - Where??

22. Where?

23. Where?

24. Where?

25. Where?

26. Gemini Film Image

27. What Season?

28. See the Line?

29. Significant Variations in Land Cover and Land Use

30. Ready to Go!

31. What Scale?

32. MSS vs. TM

33. SPOT - Washington DC

34. Pacman Farm….

35. Gharb, Morocco

36. Gharb - Pre-Harvest

37. Gharb - Post-Harvest

38. Sakur, Japan

39. Chernobyl - 1986

40. Ocean Measurements

41. California Mosaic

42. Resolution • Spectral Resolution • Radiometric Resolution • Spatial Resolution • Temporal Resolution

43. Landsat MSS • Spectral Resolution • Band 4 (0.5 – 0.6 um, green) • Band 5 (0.6 – 0.7 um, red) • Band 6 (0.7 – 0.8 um, photo IR) • Band 7 (0.8 – 1.1um, near IR) • Radiometric Resolution • 1 byte (256 levels (0 – 255)) • Spatial Resolution • 80m (260ft) • Temporal Resolution • 16 days

44. Landsat MSS • Orbital altitude – 570 miles • 11.560 FOV – 115 mile swath

45. SPOT • Spectral Resolution • Band 1 (0.50 – 0.59 um, green) • Band 2 (0.60 – 0.68um, red) • Band 3 (0.79 – 0.89um, RIR) • Radiometric Resolution • 1 byte • Spatial Resolution • 20m • Temporal Resolution • 26 days vertically downward. Can move mirror 270, increasing repeatability to 7x in 26 days.

46. SPOT • Orbital altitude – 516 miles • 73 mile swath

47. Commercialization of Space Remote Sensing Here is a SpaceImaging high resolution panchromatic scene that shows the pyramids outside of Cairo, Egypt

48. Quickbird-2 is the flagship of Digital Globe The Pentagon (a year after it was damaged by a terrorist air assault) on the Virginia side of the Potomac River outside Washington, D.C. 2.8m spatial resolution.

49. IKONOS • 1999 launch • Spatial Resolution: • B/W: 82-cm • Multispectral: 4-meter

50. IKONOS • Spectral Range • 526–929 nm445–516 nm (blue)506–595 nm (green)632–698 nm (red)757–853 nm (near IR) • Revisit Time • Approximately 3 days