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Potential aviation constraints on offshore wind

This document provides an in-depth analysis of the potential aviation constraints posed by offshore wind development. It explores the impacts on various radar systems, military low-flying operations, and instrument approach procedures. Key considerations include the safeguarding consultation radii for radar sites, potential risks to aircraft flying in low visibility, and strategies for mitigating these impacts. Insights are derived from current policies, operational experiences, and recommendations for early consultation with field personnel. Contact Spaven Consulting for further information.

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Potential aviation constraints on offshore wind

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  1. Potential aviation constraints on offshore wind Malcolm Spaven Spaven Consulting

  2. Aviation constraints • Radar • Military low flying • Instrument approach procedures

  3. Radar • Types of radar: - air traffic control (primary/secondary) - air defence - trials

  4. Radar (cont’d) • Numbers of coastal radar sites: - 9 en route ATC (mainly E Coast/Scotland) - 10 military airfield ATC - 22 civil airfield ATC - 9 air defence (mainly E Coast) - 4 main trials sites (mainly W Coast)

  5. Radar (cont’d) • Range - antenna at 50m AOD may see 100m turbines 70km away • Safeguarding consultation radii - NATS 30km - other civil airports variable to 74km - air defence 74km - military airfields 67km

  6. Radar (cont’d) • Potential impacts on radar - shadow effect - clutter - multipath/reflection

  7. Radar (cont’d) • Mitigation of radar impacts - processing out turbine returns - turbine/radar alignment - overlapping radar coverage - air traffic service limitation - controller experience

  8. Military low flying • Potential impacts - physical hazard to aircraft flying down to 100ft - increased risk to aircraft flying at night/ in instrument conditions • Mitigation - charting - lighting

  9. Instrument approaches • Two areas of impact - physical hazard to aircraft descending in cloud - potential interference with ILS

  10. Safeguarding policy • Civil airports/radars - new policy - devolution from CAA to airports/ATS providers • Military airfields/radars - evolving policy - contrast between central policy and field operational practice

  11. Safeguarding policy (cont’d) • Air defence radar - post-Cold War contraction - effects of September 11th • Military low flying - stated policy: little offshore impact - growing contrast between stated policy and site-specific decisions

  12. The Way Forward • Early consultation • Consult field operational personnel • Value of existing operational experience Contact details Spaven Consulting 1 Meadowbank Edinburgh EH8 8JE Tel: 0131 661 1133 E-mail: mail@spavenconsulting.co.uk

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