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Cellular Energy

Cellular Energy. Chapters 6 & 7. Cellular Energy. All living things must be able to get and use energy. 2 Methods Autotrophic Makes their own food (carbohydrates) Photosynthesis Uses light Chemosynthesis Uses chemicals Heterotrophic Eats other organisms. What does Photosynthesis?.

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Cellular Energy

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  1. Cellular Energy Chapters 6 & 7

  2. Cellular Energy • All living things must be able to get and use energy. • 2 Methods • Autotrophic • Makes their own food (carbohydrates) • Photosynthesis • Uses light • Chemosynthesis • Uses chemicals • Heterotrophic • Eats other organisms

  3. What does Photosynthesis? • Plants • Algae • Some Bacteria

  4. What is Photosynthesis? • A plant making its own food. • But what does that really mean? • A plant absorbs the sun’s radiant energy and stores that energy in the carbon bonds of a carbohydrate (C6H12O6). Now the plant has stored energy that it can use later! Carbon dioxide water energy glucose oxygen 6CO2 + 6H20 + light C6H12O6 + 6O2

  5. Pigments • Photosynthesis requires a special type of light absorbing molecule called a pigment. • Chlorophyll • main pigment of photosynthesis • green color • Absorbs all wavelengths of light except green • ROY G BIV • Carotenoids • Orange, Brown, Yellow

  6. Chloroplasts • Chloroplast are found in plant cells. • In a plant, the cells with the most chloroplast are in the leaves.

  7. Leaf Structure p617 Cuticle Upper Epidermis Palisade Mesophyll Vascular Bundle Lower Epidermis Spongy Mesophyll Lower Epidermis Guard Cells Stoma Cuticle

  8. All organisms use energy in order to live! • Remember, a carbohydrate has energy stored in its carbon bonds… • All organisms must have a way of releasing that energy so that it can be used. • Cellular respiration • It happens in every cell of every organism every moment

  9. There are two kinds of cellular respiration • Aerobic Respiration • Anaerobic Respiration

  10. Aerobic respiration • Aerobic = with oxygen • Aerobic respiration is thebest! Up to 36 ATPs (units of energy) can be squeezed out of one glucose molecule! • However, in order to do this, you must have both: • Oxygen • Mitochondria

  11. Aerobic respiration Glucoseoxygencarbon dioxidewater energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + 36 ATPs

  12. If an organism lacks either oxygen or a mitochondria, then it must do: Anaerobic respiration

  13. Anaerobic respiration • Anaerobic = without oxygen • Not so great… Only two ATPs are released from the glucose molecule by this method. • This is enough energy, though, if you’re just a bacteria. • Sometimes, even our cells do this…

  14. Alcoholic fermenation Produces Two ATPs CO2 Alcohol Who? Bacteria and yeast Produces beer, wine and cheese Lactic acid fermentation Produces Two ATPs Lactic acid Who? We do when we exercise so hard that our cells cannot take in oxygen fast enough to do aerobic respiration Two types of anaerobic respiration

  15. Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide water energy glucose oxygen 6CO2 + 6H20 + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 Glucoseoxygencarbon dioxidewater energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H20 + 36 ATPs Respiration

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