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Use of Historical Data

A Hydrologic Perspective of Waste Storage at VYNP Presentation to the Senate Committee on Natural Resources and Energy, Vermont Legislature Leslie Kanat, Ph.D. Johnson State College les.kanat@jsc.edu 12 March 2008. Use of Historical Data.

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Use of Historical Data

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  1. A Hydrologic Perspectiveof Waste Storage at VYNPPresentation to the Senate Committee on Natural Resources and Energy,Vermont LegislatureLeslie Kanat, Ph.D.Johnson State Collegeles.kanat@jsc.edu12 March 2008

  2. Use of Historical Data Interpretations of the ancient are based on observations of today ─ natural laws do not change with time. Use evidence preserved in the ancient (record) as one indication of what might occur in the future. The conditions of today will not be the conditions of tomorrow ─ conditions do change with time.

  3. Probabilities recurrence interval 1 probability = 10-year flood (10% chance of occurring each year) 100-year flood (1% chance of occurring each year) 200-year flood (0.5% chance of occurring each year) 500-year flood (0.25% chance of occurring each year)

  4. Connecticut River Historic flooding (1927 at 229 feet, 1936 at 231.4 feet, 1938 at 226.6 feet) is now controlled by construction of five flood control dams. Battelle (1991) reports: 100-year floodplain at 227 feet 500-year floodplain at 232 feet

  5. Probable Maximum Flood A defensible, worst case scenario, describing a flood that can be expected from the most severe meteorological and hydrologic conditions that are reasonably possible. • Results: • discharge (cubic feet per second) • stage (elevation in feet) • probability (percent chance per year)

  6. Probable Maximum Flood John Hoffman, an employee of VYNP, reports the probable maximum flood could reach a stage (elevation) of 252.5 feet (PSB 2005). VYNP Interim Spent Fuel Storage Installation pad is 254.0 feet (PSB 2005).

  7. (Holdren 2007) less more The conditions continue to change; New England is getting wetter.

  8. National Flood Policy Forum The National Flood Policy Forum at the National Academies reports (ASFM 2004): “Floods appear to be getting bigger and causing more damage than anticipated. The calculated expected flood depths and the extent of flood reach as depicted on maps are regularly demonstrated to be inaccurate.”

  9. Some Observations • Precipitation is increasing in New England, thus determination of recurrence intervals is unreliable. • Class C Low-Level Radioactive Waste must have 300-year waste stability near surface and a 500-year intruder barrier (US NRC 2008). • The Interim Spent Fuel Storage Installation pad is only 1.5 feet above the probable maximum flood (PSB 2005).

  10. Conclusion Battelle (1991, p. 1.0-5) recommended that further characterization of the VYNP facility as a low-level radioactive waste site be suspended and that the VT Low-level Radioactive Waste Authority consider other alternatives.

  11. Recommendations • Reassess the probable maximum flood before moving the Interim Spent Fuel Storage Installation pad. • Do not use the Interim Spent Fuel Storage Installation pad for long-term storage.

  12. References Association of State Floodplain Managers (ASFM), 2004. Reducing Flood Losses: Is the 1% Chance (100-year) Flood Standard Sufficient? Retrieved 24 Nov 07 from http://www.floods.org/Foundation/Files/2004_Forum_BackgroundPapers.pdf. Battelle, 1991. Site Characterization Data Report for the Vernon/Vermont Yankee Site. Prepared for the Vermont Low-Level Radioactive Waste Authority. Holdren, J., 2007. Realities of Energy and Climate Change: Science, Technology, Economics, Politics. UN 60th Annual DPI/NGO Meeting, United Nations, NY. Public Service Board (PSB), 2005. Petition of Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee. Pre-filed Testimony of John Hoffman on 16 June 2005. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (US NRC), 2008. Part 61– Licensing Requirements For Land Disposal Of Radioactive Waste, 10 CFR, Part 61.7, Section 5. Retrieved on 9 March 2008 from http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/cfr/part061/full-text.html.

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