COLOGNE

1. COLOGNE

2. Basic Facts • 4TH largest city in • Population of 1,004,000. • Highest rate of population growth between 2005-2010 out of 4 largest cities. (United Nations, 2008) • Expected to persist for the next 20 years. • Historically benefited of geographic position • Western Germany • Position between Bonn (former nat’l capital) and Dusseldorf (state capital)

3. Economy – Strong Sectors • Automotive and Mechanical Sector • Ford Europe • Toyota Motor sport • Lufthansa • Biotech/Pharma • BioRegio • Media • Some of the countries largest media and digital media companies for example EA Games • MediaPark

4. Education Facts Albert Magnus (Albert the Great) • University of Cologne founded in 1388 • Cologne University of Applied Science • Excellence Initiative

5. Transportation/Trade • One of the first cities to be fully encircled by the freeway belt • Bicycle-friendly layout • One of the busiest Seaports • Busiest Airport for Freight in the Country

6. Mission Cologne 2020 The attractive Urban Design • With more people returning now to the urban areas as the preferred place for working and living the importance of functional urban spaces has never been more significant. • This is also a particularly important criterion for growing cities in relation to international competition for investment and well-trained labor markets. • The cologne mission 2020 statement describes how the city is looking to position itself in the global economy. Issues such as unemployment, the social cohesion of society, demographic trends, changing values and new life forms are some of the challenges facing the city. • The “vision Cologne 2020” is a framework describing key issues and prospects for future urban development, it also promotes the Cologne identity and acts a stimulant for development processes to occur

7. The design The city of Cologne throughout history has generally taken a brave stance in relation to planning strategies to preserve the tradition and quality of its downtown area but also giving opportunity for modern innovation in accordance with international standards. The city’s planning has been heavily influenced by the developments in transportation

8. City Planning

9. Planning Develop the potential of the historically of the structural differences in rest of the city in accordance with the left area of the Rhine. As well as a significant structural change in the right bank south of the Rhine, the Rhine in this case acts as the unifying element

10. The Planning process The city also emphasizes the personal responsibility and self-organization of the local population in conjunction with decision-making bodies in shaping the city. One of the major platforms for the vision for 2020, is that urban living is encouraged and must be developed through mixed-use building sites for housing, employment and recreation, further development and construction must also be linked to open spaces

11. Links to Quality of Life As part of Florida’s (2004) theory on the creative class he suggests that quality of place must be summed up as an interrelated some of experiences. Cologne’s urban design initiative emphasizes the importance of citizen participation. Quality of space according to Florida (2004) does not occur automatically, but rather it is an ongoing process that shifts and involves several different stakeholders in the community.

12. Cologne-the living cultural center Cologne is putting a conscious focus on the cultural offerings the city possesses, as well that art and culture are essential components of basic social care and quality of life. The culture industry is seen as an equal and important part of the economy, and the city wants to guarantee access to all

13. The Diversity concept initiative In 2005 the city of Cologne adopted the general equal-treatment law, this established the base for the diversity concept initiative The basic concept of the initiative was to improve the contact of diverse groups. Which meant that all groups were sufficiently integrated and accepted into society.

14. … The signing of the laws signified the implementation of the charter of diversity, which was adopted as a basic commitment by companies. This meant that by signing this law, companies were committed to creating working environments that are devoid of prejudice and social exclusion. Cologne was the first city in Germany to join the charter of diversity, which was signed in 2007.

15. Gay Games 2010 The Gay Games 2010 was an event taken up by the diversity initiative in conjunction with AHEAD in order to develop the city as a diverse urban space. The Gay Games present an opportunity for “Social change through social creativity and participation’ as well as the desire for increased visibility and the intention to be more out in the community (Krane et al, 2007).

16. Impact on the 3T’s In Florida (2004) describes the importance of gays as an indicator of a cities openness and tolerance and as a low entry barrier to human capital. Cologne recognizes this and in response has targeted firms to promote and undertake the initiatives in accordance with the diversity charter. Which in part seek to enforce the equal treatment of all groups by committing to create workspaces that are devoid of prejudice and discrimination.

17. Cologne Trade Fair Initiative Cologne trade fairs generates turnover of more that 1 billion Euros in Cologne alone, providing 11,000 full-time jobs in the surrounding regions (Koelnmesse, 2010). The exhibition center itself has the fifth largest facility of its kind in the world, with 284,000 squared meters of hall space and 100,000 squared meters of outdoor space

18. … The Cologne trade fairs initiative was introduced in an effort to further exploit the potential of the city more effectively. The city seeks to compete with other major trade fair cities such as Paris that host over 36 trade fairs annually. The city in this case will seek to implement the events and further simplify the approval process creating optimal framework for events to occur.

19. Impact on the creative economy Innovation in many areas of the economy does not just happen because an individual or a single firm takes an idea to the market. instead, innovation takes places when many people engaging in dynamic, collaborative processes (Donald 2001). international trade fairs and conventions provide numerous advantages and opportunities for firms, aside from the usual marketing and selling products to customers

20. … They also function as temporary hubs for the stimulation of knowledge and its dissemination. More directly these temporary clusters give an opportunity for firms to compare products, and investigate competing innovations while at the same time monitoring customer reaction (Bathelt, 2004).

21. Carnival Estimated value of 460 mil Euros to the city Creates 5,000 Jobs Roots in 14th Century 20,000 people involved through traditional Carnival societies that collect 1.5 mil per year Integration/Socialization/Networking/City Branding

22. Bio Regio • Germany poor Biotech performance turn of 90s • Lack of venture capital / use of bank capital • Need for high risk investment • America = Research + VC + Patents + Pharma Companies • BioRegio in 1995 • Invest 50 million over 5 years • 3 winning regions including Rhineland • Guided Regionalization • Expectations • Firm creation • Increased in investment in clusters (Sorensen and Stuart) • Dohse – Innovation prone environments • Clusters increase rates of firm creation/Entrepreneurship (Austresch)

24. Media Park – Production Side • Reputation • Location • The Media Economy”, • Production Facilities/ Archives • “New Technology in the Arts and Culture”, • Fibre Optic / Software • “Training and further Education in al Sectors of the new Technology” • New tech capabilities • “Research and Development in New Areas of Application” • Desire to be cutting edge and innovate

25. MediaPark – Consumption Side • 25 acre park • Glaeser Et Al. - Amenity Surplus • Florida Quality of Place • Residential Neighborhood • Commercial Services/Entertainment

26. Excellence Initiative • create excellent conditions for young researchers • motivate cooperation across disciplines and institutions • enhance internationalization • promote equal opportunities for men and women at universities (Wissenchaftsrat, 2010)

27. Excellence and Cologne • 2 Phases • 2006-2011 1.9 Billion • 2012-2.7 Billion • Cluster of Excellence “Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases” (CECAD) • The Bonn-Cologne Graduate School of Physics and Astronomy

28. Possible Implications of the Excellence Initiative • Kehm and Pasternack • Ranking system is a change in egalitarian German system • Top Tier Institution • Florida • Universities “generate and mobilize talent” • Implications • Attractiveness of Cologne • Need for private public partnerships to bring research concepts to market

29. Transonic Wind Tunnel • One of a kind • One of 2 Reynolds number wind tunnels • Central location in Europe, access to international Cologne/Bonn airport and rail/motorway connections • Aerospace less likely to cluster (Niosi) • Research and Development firms may cluster near such a facility