Robotic Precursor Missions to the Moon and Mars

1. Robotic Precursor Missions to the Moon and Mars Douglas. A. Craig Tetsuji Yoshida NASA- HQ Shimizu Corp. November 2008 Flags Courtesy of 3dflags.com

2. Project Team Objective Examine How Robotic Precursor Missions Can Provide Value To Both The Human And Lunar Science Programs Prior To The Seventh Human Landing On The Moon Use The Results Of The Meeting As A Starting Point For Potential Collaboration Between Organizations, Academia & Industry

3. Project Team Agenda • Review Robotic Lunar Mission Concepts Of Both NASA & JAXA • Doug Craig (NASA) & Takashi Kubota (JAXA) • Discuss Science Investigations On The Surface • Doug Craig (NASA) & Tatsuaki Okada (JAXA) • Discuss Status of Lunar In-Situ Resource Utilization Technology • Jerry Sandesr (NASA); Michel Doyon (CSA); Larry Clark (LMA); Olaf Kroemer (DLR) • Discuss Status of Autonomous Lunar Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology • Doug Craig (NASA) & Takashi Kubota (JAXA) • Discuss Commercial Capability in Japan • Akiko Otsuka (NEC) & Norimasa Yoshida (MELCO) • Develop Ideas For Collaboration Between The Japanese and U.S. Delegation • Doug Craig (NASA) & Tetsuji Yoshida (Shimizu)

4. Discussions • Robotic Precursor Missions • NASA is working with other countries to begin the development of the International Lunar Network (ILN) • SELENE-2 is under study by JAXA. Will develop partnership policy in early 2009. • Need to include commercial missions in planning activities • Need to look at priorities (i.e., autonomous landing, resource characterization, dust characterization and mitigation techniques, etc.) • Lunar Science Activities • Science communities will be facilitating the identification of lunar landing sites and the science performed • Science precursor missions can also be used for identification of resources for ISRU • Need to look at human factors for the interactions between human and robotic systems Participants:USA , Canada 1, Germany 1, Japan 5

5. Discussions • ISRU • Look at expanding ISRU activities to include utilization of outpost garbage and waste • Look at developing common standards and modularity/interchangeability across countries (i.e., lunar simulants, ISRU interfaces, mobility systems, storage systems, etc.) • Analog activities should include drop towers and parabolic flights • Precision Landing • Lunar landings will be very difficult due to hazards such as boulders, craters, and slopes • Several countries working on technologies required for autonomous landing • Technology maturation by using robotic missions prior to human missions will greatly reduce human mission risks • Commercial Capability • Japan’s commercial space industry has extensive experience in spacecraft development including space robotic systems, sensors, automated rendezvous and docking, and manipulators • HTV system will be able to transport 6mt to ISS and 5mt to lunar orbit Participants: USA , Canada 1, Germany 1, Japan 5

6. Potential Joint Projects • Payloads for robotic lander mission (i.e., SELENE-2, International Lunar Network (ILN), etc.) • Perform study to identify potential payloads for robotic landers for either technical (i.e., autonomous landing, ISRU, etc.) or public outreach (i.e., HD cameras). • Study will prepare JUSTSAP to respond to JAXA or NASA calls for partnership payload ideas • Dust and Regolith Project • Develop library of lunar simulants used around the world • Repository for information on lunar wheel concepts / rovers and their performance on various terrains and soils • Repository for ISRU concepts, test results, and potential precursor missions • Repository of field test sites around the world • Teleoperated robotic tests by universities • Virtual environments for performance of field tests and experiments • Would allow greater access to field tests activities and results • Can leverage off of ongoing activities