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Essential Question: How are proteins synthesized?

Essential Question: How are proteins synthesized?. Bellringer : Answer questions 1-4. 1. As an organism grows it often requires more copies of its DNA for new cells. Which of the following processes is responsible for producing more DNA?

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Essential Question: How are proteins synthesized?

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  1. Essential Question:How are proteins synthesized? Bellringer:Answer questions 1-4. 1. As an organism grows it often requires more copies of its DNA for new cells. Which of the following processes is responsible for producing more DNA? (1)Transpiration (2) Replication (3) Respiration (4) Active Transport 2. Complete the DNA sequence below. Strand 1 A T A T G G C C A Strand 2 __________________ 3. State the function of each organelle listed below: Nucleus: _________________________________________________ Ribosome: ________________________________________________ 4. Identify the building block of proteins. ________________________

  2. CAUGUACUA Used to make Used to make AA AA AA Overview: How are Proteins Made? C-G T-A G-C T-A A-T DNA mRNA Proteins

  3. Read the descriptions provided with your partner. Then label the processes occurring and the molecules used. NUCLEUS Protein DNA mRNA RIBOSOME Amino Acid Chain Translation Transcription

  4. Protein Synthesis! http://youtu.be/41_Ne5mS2ls

  5. More about Transcription During transcription DNA must be transcribed into a single stranded mRNA and sent to the ribosome. When mRNA is made, base pairings change slightly THE SAME: T-A, C-G, C-G DIFFERENT: A-U Practice: Transcribe the DNA base sequences below into mRNA codons. 1. DNA Base Sequence T A T G G C A T T mRNA codon _____ ______ ______ 2. DNA Base Sequence A C T C T A A T G mRNA codon _____ ______ ______

  6. Think, Pair, Share Why might it be better for the cell to make mRNA to send to the ribosome rather than sending the DNA?

  7. More about Translation The second step in protein synthesis is called translation because the ribosome reads the mRNA codons and “translates” the bases into amino acids, which is like a whole other language! To determine what amino acid the mRNA codes for—simply look it up in the Universal Genetic Code chart!

  8. Practice Practice: Translate the mRNA codons into a chain of amino acids to make a protein! mRNA codon - AUA-AGU-CAU-UUC-UGA Amino Acids- ____ ____ ____ ____ ____

  9. Compare & Contrast!

  10. Partner Practice!! 1. Match the numbered stages with the correct lettered descriptions below 1. transcription ____ 2. replication ____ 3. translation ____ A) stage during which information coded in the base sequence of DNA is read to produce a strand of mRNA B) process during which the genetic code in RNA is used to make proteins C) process in which strands of DNA are separated and each is paired with nucleotides in order to form two new strands of DNA 2. Which three codons would code for a different amino acid sequence from that coded for by the mRNA base sequence GGU-CGA-CUG  (1) GGU-AGA-CUG (2) GGC-CGA-CUA (3) GGU-CGU-CCG (4) GGA-CGC-CUC 3. Fill in an mRNA codon that would code for each amino acid shown. Amino acid: GLU - PHE - TRP mRNA codon: ______ ______ ______

  11. 2. Fill in an mRNA codon that would code for each amino acid shown. Amino acid: GLU - PHE - TRP mRNA codon: ______ ______ ______ 3. Which three codons would code for a different amino acid sequence from that coded for by the mRNA base sequence GGU-CGA-CUG  (1) GGU-AGA-CUG (2) GGC-CGA-CUA (3) GGU-CGU-CCG (4) GGA-CGC-CUC

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