4. Simplified illustrations of visual and circadian pathways Hypophysis - regulates daily and seasonal circadian rhythms Visual cortex Pineal gland Melatonin Biologic nerve 3 receptor Retina Adrenal cortex (spinal cord) Cortisol Visual Photopic lane Biological lane Optic nerve 1-2 receptor rods and cones

5. New study - the background luminance and colour temperatures influence on alertness and mental health Govén, Laike, Pendse, Sjöberg 2006 Purpose ”to lay down the appropriate luminance levels at different colour temperatures for ambient lighting within working areas” Science studies effect on lighting design, Nov 2006T.Govén

6. Eh=500 lx Fluorescent T5-tubes 3000K Fluorescent T5-tubes 4000K Fluorescent T5-tubes 3000K Fluorescent T5-tubes 4000K Lav 1 = 20 cd/m2 Lav 2 = 100 cd/m2 Lav 3 = 350 cd/m2 Methodology of the test ±30° ±30° 36 subjects Test room 1 Test room 1 Test room 2 Test room 2

7. The Pickhurst study

13. Energy Consumption

14. Our research about ambient lighting, light and health Does pupils feel and perform better in indirect LED? Does ambient light affect learning? 2013 Direct or direct/indirect light? 2011 2009 2007 ! 2001 2002 Vertical light – LED or T5? Vertical light – does levels and colour temperature matter? The third receptor!

15. Indira Indirect/Wallwasher Indira Indirect/Wallwasher Indira Wallwasher

16. Visual Biological Emotional Well Being

22. Your eye

23. What is the size of your eyeball? Ø: 24mm

24. What is a solid angel? 0,5 Sr D: 40cm Ø: 14mm 50cm

25. Your eyeball from the side 0,5 Sr Fovea Ø: 14mm Ganglion cell area

26. Your eyeball from the front 0,5 Sr Ganglion cell area Ø: 14mm

27. View from my office Horizontal reference line

28. Luminance view from my office Horizontal reference line

29. View at my desk

30. My environment Vertical reference line < 0,5 Sr < 0,1 Sr Horizontal reference line

31. Luminance view at my desk < 0,5 Sr < 0,1 Sr

32. Evening view at my desk

33. Luminance evening view at my desk < 0,5 Sr < 0,1 Sr