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DOUBLE REPLACEMENT

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT. Solubility Rules OF DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONs. PRECIPITATE REACTIONS. THESE ARE REACTIONS IN WHICH AN INSOLUBLE SOLID IS FORMED AND SETTLES OUT OF SOLUTION, THE PRECIPITATE.

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DOUBLE REPLACEMENT

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  1. DOUBLE REPLACEMENT • Solubility Rules OF DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONs

  2. PRECIPITATE REACTIONS • THESE ARE REACTIONS IN WHICH AN INSOLUBLE SOLID IS FORMED AND SETTLES OUT OF SOLUTION, THE PRECIPITATE.

  3. NOTE:Use the solubility rules to decide whether a product of an ionic reaction is insoluble in water and will thus form a precipitate. If a compound is soluble in water then it should be shown as being in aqueous solution, or left as separate ions.

  4. EXAMPLE/FORM EQUATION • AB + CD ----> AD +CB • THE CATIONS “TRADE” PLACES

  5. THE REACTION • WRITE THE BALANCED REACTION: • CaCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq)-----> 2NaCl(aq) + CaCO3(s)

  6. Solubility RULES • 1 Most nitrate salts are soluble.(aqueous) (aq) • Can’t us “s” because it is used for SOLIDS. • 2.Most salts of Na+, K+, and NH4+ are soluble.(aq) • 3.Most chloride salts are soluble. Notable exceptions are AgCl, PbCl2, and Hg2Cl2. (s) • 4.Most sulfate salts are soluble. Notable exceptions are BaSO4, PbSO4, and CaSO4.(s) • 5.Most hydroxide compounds are mostly insoluble. (s) • (precipitate) The important exceptions are NaOH and KOH. And, Ba(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2are mostly soluble.(aq) • 6.Most sulfide, carbonate, and phosphate salts are mostly insoluble except Na+, K+, and NH4+. • 7. Most dichromate salts are soluble (aq) except Ag+ and Pb+2. • ************Insoluble compounds will fall out of solutions as precipitates 

  7. Mg + AgNO3  Ag+ Mg(NO3)2 Cu + AgNO3  Ag+ Cu(NO3)2 Zn + AgNO3  Ag+ Zn(NO3)2 AgNO3 Mg + H2SO4  H2 + MgSO4 Zn + H2SO4  H2 + ZnSO4 H2SO4 NR Mg+ Fe(NO3)3  Fe+ Mg(NO3)2 Zn+ Fe(NO3)3  Fe+ Zn(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 NR Mg + CuCl2  Cu + MgCl2 Zn + CuCl2  Cu + ZnCl2 CuCl2 NR

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