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This analysis delves into the elements of memoirs and tragedies within literature, focusing on narratives like "Night" and "Things Fall Apart." It examines how personal knowledge shapes autobiographies and historical accounts, as well as the influence of Eurocentric perspectives on narrative styles. The discussion includes key plot elements such as exposition, rising action, climax, and resolution, alongside literary devices like foreshadowing, characterization, and dramatic elements such as soliloquies and monologues. This guide aims to enhance understanding of these literary forms and their cultural implications.
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Final Review 12 CP English Hack Period 6
Memoir • a historical account or biography written from personal knowledge or special sources. • Night was a memoir… it was also an autobiography.
Things Fall Apart Eurocentric Non-Eurocentric • focusing on European culture or history to the exclusion of a wider view of the world; • indirectly regarding European culture as leading. • Does not believe that European culture is superior
Things Fall Apart Imperialistic Anti-Imperialistic • a policy or practice by which a country increases its power by gaining control over other areas of the world and pushes for colonization • The Africans did not believe in colonization, nor saw the benefit, and they wanted to remain in their villages
Dramatic Elements • Aside: private words that a character in a play speaks to another character or to the audience that are NOT suppose to be heard by others onstage • Diction: The writer’s or speaker’s choice of words • Dialogue: Conversation between 2 or more people
Soliloquy • A long speech in which a character who is usually alone onstage expresses his or her private thoughts or feelings • Monologues are long, formal speeches but usually directed at another character or the audience.
Plot Elements • Exposition: relevant background information (introduces characters, setting and major conflict) • Rising Action: accelerates and adds complications to the plot • Climax: turning point which is often the greatest moment of emotion and changes the course of the characters and/or plot • Falling Action: unravels the complications and leads to the resolution • Resolution/denouement: settles the conflict and wraps up the text
Literary Elements • Foreshadow- Clues that hint at what is going to happen later in the plot • Example: The Long Exile – Ivan’s wife’s dream; Night- Madame Schaeter’s screams • Flash-forward- A scene that interrupts the present action to skip ahead to an event in the future • Example: The Long Exile; Norwegian Rat • Characterization- methods the author uses to reveal the personality of the character • Indirect Characterization- We have to use our own judgment and put clues together to figure out what the character is like • Direct Characterization- The author tells us directly
Context • the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed.
Elements of Tragedy • Tragedy- a play, novel or other narrative depicting serious and important events in which the main character comes to an unhappy end • Tragic Hero- usually dignified, courageous, and high ranking (NOBILITY)- wins some self-knowledge and wisdom (REVELATION) despite defeat (death) • Tragic Flaw- Error in judgment or character weakness that results in downfall
