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Essential Guide to Writing an Effective Investigation Report

This comprehensive guide outlines the essential steps for writing a high-quality investigation report. It emphasizes the importance of planning, implementing, analyzing, and evaluating your investigation to meet marking criteria. Each section is broken down, highlighting the need for detailed background theory, accurate recording, effective data analysis, and thoughtful evaluation of uncertainties and limitations. By following these guidelines, students can enhance their understanding of their findings and improve their overall report quality, aiming for higher marks through clarity and thoroughness.

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Essential Guide to Writing an Effective Investigation Report

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  1. INDIVIDUAL INVESTIGATIONS How to write up your investigation report

  2. THE INVESTIGATION REPORT • You write it • Your teacher marks it • It is sent away to a moderator who will check that the marks are appropriate

  3. MARKING CRITERIA • You can read them in the specification • There are four EQUAL sections • Make sure that you take notice of the detail

  4. MARKING CRITERIA • Planning • Implementing • Analysing • Evaluating

  5. MARKING CRITERIA HAVE TWO STRANDS • Planning • Experimental detail • Background theory

  6. MARKING CRITERIA HAVE TWO STRANDS • Implementing • Doing • Recording

  7. MARKING CRITERIA HAVE TWO STRANDS • Analysing • Graphs and calculations • Drawing conclusions

  8. MARKING CRITERIA HAVE TWO STRANDS • Evaluating • Limitations of methods • Uncertainty associated with measurements

  9. MARKING CRITERIA DESCRIPTORS • Descriptors at levels 2, 5, 8 and 11 • You need to satisfy low ones before getting access to higher marks • You have to satisfy descriptors in BOTH strands to move your mark up

  10. PLANNING – THE DETAIL • Start off with a clear aim (Don’t use a hypothesis) • Include comprehensive RELEVANT background theory • Include FULL details of the plan (e.g. preliminary experiments, modifications, how much you measured out, what you measured it with).

  11. PLANNING – MORE DETAIL • Explain why your choices of equipment and readings will produce useful data • Include a risk assessment which is detailed and relevant to what you are doing

  12. PLANNING – YET MORE DETAIL • Include a set of references ( include page number and links references to where you have made use of them in the text) • Include synoptic grid • Sub-headings can be helpful

  13. EXAMPLE OF A SYNOPTIC GRID

  14. RECORDING RESULTS • Record all measurements, not just averages • Use correct format including units as you did for AS coursework • Use helpful headings to explain what is going on

  15. REPEATING EXPERIMENTS • If experiments produce poor quality data then modify and repeat them • e.g. • low titres from titrations • Gas volume measurements that are all similar

  16. ANALYSING - CALCULATIONS • Show ALL of your calculations • EXPLAIN all of your calculations

  17. ANALYSING - GRAPHS • Make sure that your graphs are of a suitable type (NO bar charts) • Make sure your graphs are well presented (computer generated graphs can be too small and produce thick and inappropriately drawn lines) • Include a helpful title and label axes fully

  18. ANALYSING - CONCLUSIONS • Concentrate on the detail • Try to link with the background theory in your plan • It should be a commentary on your results, not simply a description of them • Don’t skimp

  19. EVALUATING • This section carries the same number of marks as your plan. • Spend enough time on it. • This is where you can really make a difference

  20. EVALUATING – THE DETAIL • Calculate the uncertainties associated with ALL types of your measurements • Identify the limitations of your experimental procedures

  21. EVALUATING – MORE DETAIL • Comment on the relative significance of limitations and uncertainties • Use the above to explain what and why you would do differently if you repeated the investigation • Don’t skimp

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