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Ablative Absolutes

kennedy-larsen avatar
kennedy-larsen
10 diapositives · 300 Views · Nov 16, 2014

An ablative absolute is a grammatical construction that explains the circumstances surrounding the action of the main clause. It typically consists of a participle and a noun, though it can also be two nouns or a noun and an adjective. These phrases are set off by commas and are not grammatically connected to the main clause. Commonly translated with phrases such as "with," "because," or "after," ablative absolutes add depth and clarity to sentences. This guide provides an overview of their structure, usage, and translation examples.

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Ablative Absolutes
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  1. Ablative Absolutes

  2. What is an Ablative Absolute? • A phrase that explains the circumstances under which the action of the main clause happens For example: With the class having been dismissed, the students left the room. The main clause is “the students left the room” while the circumstances are described by the phrase “with the class having been dismissed”

  3. Recognizing Ablative Absolutes • usually consists of a participle and a noun, but can be 2 nouns, or a noun and an adjective • phrase of AT LEAST 2 words • in the Ablative case Shocking, isn’t it? • Ablative words CANNOT be grammatically connected to the rest of the sentence, i.e. they cannot also be objects of a preposition

  4. Ablative Absolutes are really Different • Usually set off by commas • Because they aren’t connected grammatically to the rest of the sentence • The participle is NOT modifying a noun in the main clause of the sentence • absolutum = loosened from, separated

  5. Translating Ablative Absolutes • Use “with”, “because”, “since”, or “after” For example: With the class having been dismissed, the students left the room. The main clause is “the students left the room” while the circumstances are described by the phrase “with the class having been dismissed”

  6. Exempla urbe a militibuscaptā, fugimus. With the city having been captured by soldiers, we flee. casā a Lolācaptā, felesdormiverunt.

  7. Exempla Caesare duce, milites Gauliam vincunt. With Caesar as their leader, the soldiers conquer Gaul. Civibus regem bonum necantibus, manere non possumus. With the citizens killing the good king, we are not able to remain.

  8. Exempla Brutus, his dictis, milites dimisit. Brutus, having said these things, dismissed the soldiers.

  9. Exempla cenā paratā, dux pervēnit. After dinner was prepared, the leader arrived. Quintō haec locutō, Marcus gaudebat. With Quintus having said these things, Marcus was pleased. captivīs vinctīs, piratae a litore navigaverunt. With the captives tied up, the pirates sailed away.

  10. Plus exempla - Time Caesare et Marco consulibus, milites ad urbemredierunt. When Caesar and Marcus were consuls, the soldiers returned to the city.