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Optical Switches

Optical Switches. CSIT 560 Project Presentation. Members :. Alfred Poon Amy Ng Derric Lam Ritter Chak. Agenda. Optical Switch Background Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement Product Example Market Trend Conclusion. Optical Switch Background.

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Optical Switches

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  1. Optical Switches CSIT 560 Project Presentation Members : Alfred Poon Amy Ng Derric Lam Ritter Chak

  2. Agenda • Optical Switch Background • Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement • Product Example • Market Trend • Conclusion

  3. Optical Switch Background Optical Switch Background| Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement | Product Example | Market Trend | Conclusion

  4. From Digital to Analog TDM system multiplexes the input streams, and generates fast speed streams ~ around 10Gbs (still the fastest?) WDM system converts each high speed TDM stream into the laser beam with different wavelengths WDM system multiplexes the laser beams to utilize the capacity of a single fiber ~ around 1.6 Tbps at 160 wavelength

  5. Generic Optical Network • Optical network usually consists of various kinds of optical switch: • Optical Protection Switch • OADM (Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer) • OXC (Optical Cross Connect) • Wavelength Switch • Optical Burst Switch • Optical Packet Switch

  6. lDemux Basic of Optical Switch • Switching wavelength (laser beam) from input port to output port • Using the value of wavelength to make the switching decision Detector 1 Detector 2 Detector 3 Detector 4

  7. Classification of Optical Switch • Network Traffic Type • Optical Circuit Switch • by wavelength, by waveband and by fiber • Optical Packet Switch • by optical data packet • Nature of Switching Fabric Technique • Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) Switch • All-optical (OOO) Switch • OEOEO Switch (very Complex) • Functionalities • Brand-width Management Switch • capable of bandwidth grooming and local add-drop mux • Optical Transport Switch • rerouting optical circuits or wavelength from one path to anotheron the transport network

  8. Optical Challenge • Difficult to read and processing bits at extremely high speeds • especially on Optical Packet Switch and OEO circuit switch • Difficult to buffer optical packets • Delay Line Technique • Length Crucial Technique • if line is too long, switching fabric needs to wait for the packets to come out (Sequential Access) • Hierarchical Trees Design • to direct packet through a given incremental set of delays(reduce the Sequential Access Effect) • complex and expensive

  9. Optical Circuit Switching • To set up a Wavelength path, a signal enters and exits the optical layers at the same wavelength • limitation on available wavelength • Virtual Wavelength path overcomes the limitation by allowing a signal to travel on different wavelength throughout the wavelength path

  10. Time slot T : 1.646 ms = 128 bytes (@ 622 Mb/s) Payload synchronization patterns Synchronization pattern RoutingTags Header 180ns 14 bytes Payload 1.35 ms 105  1680 bytes Guard time > 26 ns Optical Packet Switching KEOPS Packet Format

  11. Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement Optical Switch Background|Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement| Product Example | Market Trend | Conclusion

  12. OEO vs OOO

  13. Optical Switch Requirements Additional Requirements: Power Consumption and Cost per Port

  14. Port Count 10,000 1,000 100 10 1 OXC 3D Slow MEMS Burst Switch Liquid Crystal Grating Packet Switch Tuneable Laser OADM Fast Electro-optic 3D Fast MEMS 2D Slow MEMS Bulk Mechanical Protection Switch 10ns 1ms 1ms 1s Requirements of Optical Switch Reconfiguration Speed

  15. Reality Application vs Technologies

  16. Product Example Optical Switch Background|Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement|Product Example| Market Trend | Conclusion

  17. 3D MEMS-Based Optical Switch Handles80-by-80 Fibers (Glimmerglass) • 80 X 80 port with 3D MEMS mirror arrays • switch signals within 10 ms with an insertion loss of 2 dB • the cost per port is five to 10 times less than other all-optical switching techniques • compatible with any network topology, every protocol and any data rate • contains optical-channel power monitors, a fiber patch panel and an Ethernet control interface and packed into a 4.5 by 9.5 by 7.0-inches rack-mountable case that consumesjust 20W • $200 to $700 us per port

  18. 3D MEMS-Based Optical Switch Handles 80-by-80 Fibers (Glimmerglass)

  19. Market Trend Optical Switch Background|Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement|Product Example|Market Trend| Conclusion

  20. Optical Network Growing Source: MSDW and RHK

  21. Growth Rate Optical NetworkingMarket Forecast Shipments (USD – Billions) Source: MSDW and RHK

  22. Worldwide market for optional switching systems USD (Billion) Source: ARC Group

  23. Optical Switches Cost OOO vs OEO Cost per Port Source: ARC Group

  24. Conclusion Optical Switch Background|Optical Switching Fabric & Requirement|Product Example|Market Trend|Conclusion

  25. Conclusions • In the near future : • All optical networks may not be possible due to constraint of OOO technologies • OOO still cannot replace OEO

  26. Companies Established Photonic Companies. . Some Recent Acquisitions Some New Players.

  27. References • http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=9016&site=lightreading • http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=9017&site=lightreading • http://www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id=11753&site=lightreading

  28. Thank You

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