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Navigating China's Communication Paradoxes: Domestic Ideologies vs. Global Image

This research by Dr. Jeanne Boden explores the contradictions in China's domestic and international communication strategies, focusing on the Chinese Communist Party's evolving ideologies from the early 1990s to 2018. Analyzing extensive materials including photographs and films, it highlights the tension between national narratives and global perceptions. The study reveals how the CCP addresses various audiences while suppressing dissent and managing its global image amid international scrutiny. It sheds light on the core values promoted in China and the challenges presented by differing ideologies and culturally rooted propaganda.

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Navigating China's Communication Paradoxes: Domestic Ideologies vs. Global Image

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  1. Contradictions in China’s Domestic and International Communication: The Problem of China’s Global Image Dr. Jeanne Boden 21/06/2019

  2. Research Chinese propaganda Research material: 2500 photographs, movies Period: 1993 – 2018 Locations: People’s Republic of China From Jilin to Xinjiang From Beijing to Tibet to Guangzhou From Shanghai to Chengdu Point of view: Sender Central discourse: 1 ‘truth’ + censorship

  3. Research Chinese propaganda • Content: CCP’s changing ideology • Who is addressed • What is requested • Methods • Contradictions: national and international • China’s global image

  4. Early 1990s

  5. 1994 2004 Shanghai Pudong

  6. 2003 “Long live Marxism, Leninism and Mao Zedong Thoughts”

  7. Content: CCP’s changing ideology • Mao Zedong: Communist discourse, destroy 4 olds • Deng Xiaoping: Opening up • Jiang Zemin: ‘Capitalists’ into the CCP • Hu Jintao: Confucianism • Xi Jinping: Amalgam of ideologies • Communist • Confucian • Western democracy

  8. Prosperity, Democracy, Civility, Harmony Freedom, Equality, Justice, Rule of LawPatriotism, Dedication, Honesty, Friendliness

  9. Who is addressed • The People • Mao Zedong: farmers, workers, soldiers, CCP members • Deng Xiaoping: PRC, huaqiao/overseas • Today: all Chinese across the globe • Individual is never addressed as individual • Always part of nation/ family/ group • Majority and Minorities

  10. One big united family

  11. Minority Park Beijing: Minorities dancing for the Han Majority

  12. What is asked • Patriot – Spirit for the nation • Raise your children for the nation • Defend the nation • To be civilized • Solidarity in society

  13. What is “Chinese civilization” • To be civilized: • Being educated and moral • Being polite and well-mannered • Having the right spirit for the nation • “Chinese civilization” • Mao Zedong: destroy the “four olds” • Today: (Re)constructing ‘Ancient civilization’: rituals, heroes, architecture, … • 12 “Socialist core values” amalgam of ideologies

  14. Conflating political and personal aspirations

  15. Reversing a (Chinese) narrative 1980s River Elegy Heshang河殇 • Pro-western • End of China • Chinese culture is doomed to disappear 2013 Ocean Elegy Haishang 海殇 • Pro-China • End of the West • West is doomed to disappear

  16. National Top down discourse | Bottom up dissent Xi Jinping App: Study the Great Nation (Photo: Reuters) Silencing dissent Xu Zhangrong Law professor at Tsinghua University

  17. Contradictions National • Absence of civil society • Solidarity is asked • ‘Open China’ • Great Firewall

  18. International “Global China” One Belt One Road Win – win Common goals Exchange … Opium War rhetoric Anti-western propaganda

  19. Contradictions International • Win-win and ‘Open China’ • Rule of Law, democracy, equality, freedom (Why?) • Opium War rhetoric, anti-western propaganda • “Make the West serve China” • Censorship of what is unwanted • Explosion of chemical plants • Uyghur detentions • Hong Kong demonstrations • Dissident voices

  20. China’s global image • It is not clear what China really stands for • Media across the globe report on what China hides • Positive image that China wants to establish is undermined

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