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KMT & Solids Review

KMT & Solids Review. _________ is the energy of motion. Kinetic Energy. List one standard pressure. 760 torr 760 mm Hg 101.3 Kpa 1 atm. Convert the following: 293 K = _____C. 20 C. List one temperature that all molecular motion would stop at. O K -273 C.

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KMT & Solids Review

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  1. KMT & Solids Review

  2. _________ is the energy of motion • Kinetic Energy

  3. List one standard pressure. 760 torr 760 mm Hg 101.3 Kpa 1 atm

  4. Convert the following: 293 K = _____C • 20 C

  5. List one temperature that all molecular motion would stop at O K -273 C

  6. Which phase of matter has the FASTEST (not violent)average kinetic energy? • GASES

  7. According the KMT, “collisions between particles are perfectly elastic”. What does that mean? • There is NO energy loss!

  8. If the temperature of water was decreased, what happens to the kinetic energy? • Kinetic energy DECREASES

  9. What type of solid is glass considered? • Amorphous solid

  10. Describe the particle motion of solids • Particles vibrate around fixed points

  11. What is the difference between a unit cell and crystal lattice? • Unit cells make up the crystal lattice

  12. What are the two types of solids? • Crystalline • Amorphous

  13. Where can you find plasma? • Neon or fluorescent lights • Sun/stars

  14. What happens at absolute zero? • All molecular motion stops

  15. __________ is when unit cells do not line up • Dislocation

  16. Which phase of matter has the SLOWEST average kinetic energy? • Solids

  17. List the 3 assumptions to the KMT • All matter is made of particles • All particles are in constant motion • Collisions between particles are perfectly elastic

  18. ____________would contain atoms made up of free electrons and ions of the element. • Plasma

  19. Describe the particle motion of liquids • Particles vibrate around moving points

  20. According to the KMT, describe the volume of solids. BE SPECIFIC! • Definite volume = particles are packed VERY close together

  21. __________ is a process that deliberately makes crystals impure • Doping

  22. List one standard temperature. 273 K 0C

  23. What is one example of a liquid crystal? • Mood rings • Insect wings • LCD screens

  24. ________ are crystals that have water incorporated into the crystalline structure. • Hydrated crystals

  25. _______ are impurities that are present in crystals • Inclusion

  26. According to the KMT, describe the shape of solids. BE SPECIFIC! • Definite shape = particles vibrate around a fixed position

  27. Describe a solid in terms of particle spacing and movement. Be specific! • Particles are very close together • Particles vibrate around fixed points

  28. ________is two substances with the same structure & shape • Isomorphism

  29. Convert the following: 10C = _____K • 283 K

  30. Which phase of matter has the most violent average kinetic energy? • Plasma

  31. _______ is having different properties in different dimensions • Anisotropy

  32. _______ is a substance with more than one crystalline shape • Polymorphism

  33. _________ is a dehydrated crystal that absorbs some water from the air • Hygroscopic crystal

  34. What abbreviation is used to show standard temperature and pressure at sea level? • STP

  35. How do amorphous solids differ from crystalline solids? Provide one difference • Crystalline = defined melting points; uniform pattern • Amorphous = NO defined melting points; NO uniform pattern

  36. _________ are crystals without shape, no crystal form • Amorphous crystals

  37. Describe the particle motion of gases • Particles are moving in completely random motions

  38. ________forms a solution by absorbing water from the air (ex: NaOH pellets) • Deliquescent crystals

  39. What is one factor that would affect crystal formation? • Temperature • Pressure

  40. ________ is changing from a solid state to a gaseous state • Sublimation

  41. _______ is a drying agent used to absorb moisture • Desiccant

  42. What is an advantage of doping a crystal? • Increases electrical conductivity

  43. ________ is a crystal that had water removed from it • Anhydrous cyrstal

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