1. WWI

2. 5Ws • WHO: Many countries in Europe • WHAT: A war • WHERE: Europe • WHEN: 1914-1918 • WHY: Countries in Europe were feeling nervous other countries would attack them, so they formed alliances for protection. Once one attack occurred, the war began

3. What is an alliance? • An agreement between nations to defend one another • If one country is attacked, the other members of the alliance promise to help them. For example: France and Italy have an alliance. If France is attacked, Italy will _____________! **Think about our classroom “alliances”

4. How it began… • Austria-Hungary controlled land in Serbia • Serbia thought they owned the land • A Serbian man killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand from Austria-Hungary (who was to be king of Austria-Hungary) • Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

5. Who were in the alliances in Europe?

6. WWI Allied Powers Central Powers • Serbia • Russia • France • Belgium • Great Britain • Austria-Hungary • Germany

7. What about the United States? • Woodrow Wilson (President of the U.S.) decided isolationismwas the best option (we were not going to get involved)

8. However… • Germany attacked and sunk the British ship the Lusitania (The U.S. did not agree with this) • Germany sent a telegram to Mexico asking them to join the Central Powers-in return, Germany would help Mexico get back land from the U.S. • Germany sank 3 U.S. ships

9. As a result… • The United States joined WWI (as an Allied Power), declaring war against the Central Powers • Allied Powers • Central Powers • Serbia • Russia • France • Belgium • Great Britain • United States • Austria-Hungary • Germany

10. New Technology • Trench Warfare- Soldiers on each side dug a system of trenches that faced each other. Barbed wire fences protected the front of each trench. No-man’s land was the land between the trenches the no one controlled. The soldiers ate and slept in the trenches which were often filled with rats and water

11. New Technology • Poisonous Gas • Gas masks (to protect from poisonous gas) • Airplanes (used to drop bombs) • Machine Gun • Tanks

12. On the homefront… Men were fighting, so there were less people to produce food Consequently, War Gardens were created Men were fighting, so there were less people to work in factories Consequently, women worked in factories Men were needed to fight in the war Consequently, propaganda posters were used to encourage men to enlist

13. What’s the point of this propaganda? Propaganda: information, usually biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

14. The war ends… • With help from the U.S., the Allied Powers are able to defeat the Central Powers. • The Central Powers surrendered on November 11, 1918

15. Treaty of Versailles • The Treaty of Versailles officially ended WWI • Germany was forced to pay heavy fines for their actions • The League of Nations was created in an effort to prevent future wars