What was the progressivism movement? Define. What were the four goals of progressivism?

1. What was the progressivism movement? Define. • What were the four goals of progressivism? • What amendments were added to the U.S. Constitution during the progressive movement? • What group of people helped bring many of the issues during Progressivism to the public? • Which three Presidents were most involved in the Progressivism movement? • List 3 major accomplishments of the Progressive era that we still see today?

2. Progressive movement Origins of Progressivism

3. Objectives Explain the 4 goals of progressivism Identify efforts to reform state government, protect workers, and reform elections

4. The coming of change…. Journalists and writers exposed unsafe condition like never before Middle class stepping in to help reform Intellectuals questioned the dominant role of large corporations in American society

5. Progressivism Movement • Aimed to restore economic opportunities and correct injustices in American life • 4 Goals of Progressivism • Protecting social welfare • Promoting moral improvement • Creating economic reform • Fostering Efficiency

6. 1. Protecting Social Welfare • Social Gospel movement & settlement houses continued through during the Progressive Era • YMCA – established libraries, pools, recreation centers • Salvation Army – soup kitchens

7. Florence Kelly • Florence Kelly- advocate for improving lives of women and children • Chief inspector of factories for IL • Pushed for child labor laws • Limit women’s work hours • Daughter of antislavery Republican congressman • 1899 – General Secretary of National Consumers’ League • Worked in Hull House What motivated Kelly to spend her life working for such reform?

8. 2. Promoting Moral Improvement • Morality needed to be reformed • Immigrants/poor city dwellers needed to uplift themselves by improving personal behavior • Prohibition- banning of alcoholic beverages • Alcohol was undermining American values!!! • Lead by WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Movement)

9. 3. Creating Economic Reform • Severe economic panic in 1893 prompted American to question Capitalistic Economic System • Embraced SOCIALISM  Social Party 1901 • Eugene V. Debs: pushed for the formation of unions and socialism. • Muckrakers-journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business/public life

10. Labor Unions Form • Working long hours 7 days a week 12 or more hours • Wages so low most families couldn’t survive • Men, women and children all had to work (some as young as 5 years old) • Men avg. $498 • Women avg. $267 • Children 27cents for 14-hr days

11. Child Labor

12. Child Labor http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/child_labor/about/us_history.html Ban child labor http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mplPjjex4I8&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPw4jTDKYbg

13. 4. Fostering Efficiency • Research done on the workplace • Time and motion studies to improve efficiency • Break down task into simpler parts • Scientific management- studies to see just how quickly each task could be preformed (Improving efficiency also targeted government) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfw0KapQ3qw

14. What to take away from the 4 goals • Protecting Social Welfare • Protect & help the people no matter WHO or WHERE they come from • Promoting Moral Improvement • Uplift by improving self behavior • Creating Economic Reform • Severe economic panic 1893  ? Capitalism • Socialism vs Capitalism • Fostering Efficiency • Workplace more efficient • Scientific Management • High worker turnover: injury, fatigue

15. Henry Ford • Introduction of the assembly line • Model T “Everyone will be able to afford [a car] and about everyone will have one” -1909 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYbsBcPDVQM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZlJ0vtUu4w • To keep workers happy – thus limiting strikes • 8 hour work day • $5 a day

16. Cleaning Up the Local Government • Grew out of distrust of immigrants involvement in politics • Political Bosses corruption of cities • Also prompted by natural disasters • Ex: 1900 Hurricane/tidal wave destroyed Galveston, TX • Officials botched relief effort SO bad TX legislature appointed 5 member commission of experts to take over • Needed more efficiency during this industrial time

17. 5 Member Commission • Each member took over a different city department • Success prompted city to adopt commission idea as a form of government • Member had training or past experience in area Can you think of any modern day examples?

18. Hurricane Katrina Should officials be held accountable??? • Criticism from politicians, activists, and journalists of all stripes was directed at the local and state governments headed by Mayor Ray Nagin of New Orleans and Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco. • Naginand Blanco were criticized for failing to implement New Orleans' evacuation plan and for ordering residents to a shelter of last resort without any provisions for food, water, security, or sanitary conditions. • Perhaps the most important criticism of Nagin was that he delayed his emergency evacuation order until 19 hours before landfall, which led to hundreds of deaths of people who (by that time) could not find any way out of the city. • The destruction wrought by Hurricane Katrina raised other, more general public policy issues about emergency management, environmental policy, poverty, and unemployment. • The discussion of both the immediate response and of the broader public policy issues may have affected elections and legislation enacted at various levels of government. • The storm's devastation also prompted a Congressional investigation, which found that FEMA and the Red Cross "did not have a logistics capacity sophisticated enough to fully support the massive number of Gulf coast victims." Additionally, it placed responsibility for the disaster on all three levels of government

19. Cedar Rapids Floods • A couple months after the June floods, Iowa flood victims reported violent coughing, headaches, and conditions such as Asthma, Bronchitis, and other health issues worsening since moving in to the trailers. KGAN-TV out of Cedar Rapids tested 20 trailers in the Cedar Rapids area under contract with a nationally certified chemical testing company, with testing kits finding unsafe levels of Formaldehyde in six of them, according to Environmental Protection Agency and American Lung Association limits, which are more stringent than FEMA's or Iowa's standards. • Officials criticized for progress taking longer than expected • Still houses from flood standing • Downtown CR vacant and bare • How do you bring business back? Statistics[The Gazette/KCRG-TV 1] Houses damaged: 5,238 (parcels: 5,390) Businesses damaged: 940 (parcels: 1,049) Non-profits/faith organizations damaged: 77 City blocks affected: 1,300 (10 square miles) River levels: Crest 31.12 feet June 13, 2008 at 10:15 am (flood stage 12 feet), One month after crest: 8.66 feet, Two months after crest: 4.43 feet, Previous record crests: 20 feet in 1929 and 1951, 19.27 feet in 1993 the lesson to be learned is that full recovery will take at least ten years, and that the political and private establishments will have to put aside territorial one-ups-man-ship and co-operate in making some decisions that will be decidedly unpopular

20. State Level • Robert M. La Follette- Republican Governor of Wisconsin • Led way in regulating big business – “drive them out of politics” • Targeted railroad industry

21. Reform Politics Reforming Elections Direct Election of Senators • Initiative: bill originated by people rather than law makers • Referendum: Vote on initiative • Recall: Enable voters to remove public officials by holding another election • Old way State legislature choose Senators • 17th Amendment: People get to elect their Senator