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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: FM-UWB for Wearable BAN Date Submitted: 20 January, 2009 Source: John F.M. Gerrits & John R. Farserotu CSEM Systems Engineering Jaquet Droz 1, CH2002 Neuchatel, Switzerland

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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

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  1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: FM-UWB for Wearable BAN Date Submitted: 20 January, 2009 Source: John F.M. Gerrits & John R. Farserotu CSEM Systems Engineering JaquetDroz 1, CH2002 Neuchatel, Switzerland Voice: +41 32 720 56 52, FAX: +41 32 720 57 20, E-Mail: john.gerrits@csem.ch Re: This document is CSEM’s response to the Call For Proposal from theIEEE P802.15 Task Group 6 on BAN. Abstract:This document presents FM-UWB: a constant envelope LDR UWB air interface for short range BAN applications. Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

  2. FM-UWB Alliance CSEM, Neuchâtel, Switzerland John F.M. Gerrits, Dr. John R. Farserotu, Jérôme Rousselot NXP Semiconductors, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Gerrit van Veenendaal ACORDE TECHNOLOGIES S.A., Santander, Spain Dr. Manuel Lobeira TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands Prof. John R. Long

  3. Presentation Outline • Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype

  4. Wearable Medical BAN applications • Bio-Medical • EEG Electroencephalography • ECG Electrocardiogram • EMG Electromyography (muscular) • Blood pressure • Blood SpO2 • Blood pH • Glucose sensor • Respiration • Temperature • Fall detection • Sports performance • Distance • Speed • Posture (Body Position) • Sports training aid MBAN

  5. Key Wearable Medical BAN requirements John F.M. Gerrits / John R. Farserotu, CSEM

  6. Outline • Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype

  7. Transmitter architecture BW: 30 - 250 kbps 60 - 500 kHz > 500 MHz freq: baseband 1 - 4 MHz 6 - 9 GHz 50 mW RF Sub carrier FSK FM Data RF Modulation Spreading • An analog FM signal may have any bandwidth independent of modulation • frequency or bit rate. This is analog spread spectrum.

  8. FM-UWB Transmitter Signal • Flat power spectral density • Steep spectral roll-off • Good coexistence • SAR compliant

  9. Outline • Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Link Margin, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype

  10. Receiver architecture BW: > 500 MHz 60 - 500 kHz 30 - 250 kbps freq: 6 - 9 GHz 1 - 4 MHz baseband Data Sub-carrier RF FSK demodulation Instantaneous despreading

  11. Receiver processing gain Only noise/interference in the subcarrier banwidth is taken into account. This bandwidth reduction after the wideband FM demodulator yields real processing gain: Processing gain increases for lower bit rates: GPdB = 30 dB @ R = 250 kbps GPdB = 39 dB @ R = 31.25 kbps • Multiple-accessinterference • Frequency-selectivemultipath • Interference Processing gain mitigates

  12. Link Margin: Required RF SNR SNRMIN = -7dB for BER 1x10-6 at 250 kbps [Eurasip 2005]

  13. Link Margin: Received signal at 3 meters. d = 3m, f = 7.5 GHz, l = 4 cm PRX(3m) = -74 dBm

  14. Link Margin: Receiver Input Noise and SNR BRF = 500 MHz NFRX = 5 dB PRX(3m) = -74 dBm PN = -174 +10log10(500x106)+5 = -82 dBm - SNRRF(3m) = 12 dB SNRMIN = -7dB 9 dB of theoretical link margin, leaving room for practical implementation loss.

  15. Robustness to frequency-selective multipath CM3 CM4 [ICUWB 2007]

  16. Robustnessto narrowband interference Interferer FM-UWB In-band narrowband interference up to 15 dB stronger than the wanted signal is tolerated.

  17. PHY Synchronization < 400 ms synchronization time Start of transmission Receiver synchronized • Synchronizationlike a narrowbandFSK system • CSMA: listen before transmit

  18. Outline • Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype

  19. WiseMAC-HA • Star or mesh topology • No. of devices is scalable (traffic limited e.g. 6 to 256) • Robust and reliable: DAA • Ability to decide on efficient modes changes • (Low Power WiseMAC or High Throughput CSMA) Sensor (LP) Sink

  20. Frequency Management • RF FDMA is used to further increase capacity

  21. Outline • Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype

  22. Today‘s FM-UWB High Band Prototype IC IC IC

  23. Prototype Characteristics Target power consumption 4 mW Tx, 8 mW Rx (*): First Generation Multi-chip set

  24. Final Product Size, Complexity 20 x 20 mm Product size limited by antenna and battery Low Complexity [1], Small Chip Area

  25. Possible ways of merging with other radios • At the PHY level: exploit common radio front-end blocks • TX RF VCO, output stage • RX LNA, downconversion mixer • At the MAC level: Common MAC • LDR FM-UWB and MDR (IR/DS) radio • FM-UWB 7.25-8.5 GHz, Narrowband 2.4 MHz • At the system level: e.g. common control • Low power, yet robust FM-UWB control John F.M. Gerrits / John R. Farserotu, CSEM

  26. Concludingremarks • Good co-existence • withexisting air interfaces • Robustness • interference, multipath • Spectral properities • flatness, spectral roll-off • Simple radio architecture • no frequency conversion • relaxed HW specificationsenablelow power consumption • fast synchronization FM-UWB is a true low-complexity LDR UWB radio technology designed to meet the requirements for Wearable Medical BAN and compatible with requirements of other standardization bodies, e.g., ETSI eHealth.

  27. Annex John F.M. Gerrits / John R. Farserotu, CSEM

  28. References [TCAS2008] John F.M. Gerrits, John R. Farserotu and John R. Long, "Low-Complexity Ultra Wideband Communications", IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II, Vol. 55, No. 4, April 2008, pp. 329 - 333. [ICUWB2007] John F.M. Gerrits, John R. Farserotu and John R. Long, "MultipathBehavior of FM-UWB Signals", ICUWB2007, Singapore, September 2007. [TG6_2007] John F.M. Gerrits, and John R. Farserotu, "FM-UWB: A LowComplexity Constant Envelope LDR UWB Communication System", IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs), 16 - 20 July 2007, San Francisco, California, USA, doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0778-04-0ban. [EURASIP2005] John F.M. Gerrits, Michiel H.L. Kouwenhoven, Paul R. van der Meer, John R. Farserotu, John R. Long, “Principles and Limitations of Ultra Wideband FM Communications Systems”, EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, Volume 2005, Number 3, 1 March 2005, pp. 382 - 396.

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