Materials Science Engineering

1. Materials Science Engineering Dr. Holly J. Moore

2. VistaLearning Management System • Syllabus • Schedule • Updated regularly • Homework will be available online • Solutions Manual in Lab • PowerPoint • Sample Tests

3. Contact Info • holly.moore@slcc.edu • Office hours • TBD • Room SI-021 • Phone 957-4418

4. Text Book • The Science and Engineering of Materials • Donald Askeland • 5th Edition • The 4th Edition is also adequate • Try www.addall.com

5. Grading • 4 tests at 100 pts each • Online quizes at 10 to 20 pts each • Turn in homework 5 times, for 20 pts each • No late homework is accepted!!! • Final at 200 pts • Lab Notebook – 8 labs @10 pts each

6. Extra Credit • Up to 50 pts of extra credit available • Read Michael Crichton’s book Airframe and write a “book report”.– 25 pts • Share a current event related to Materials Science with the class – 10 pts • Bring in examples of engineering materials we are discussing in class – 10 pts • Do an in class demonstration - variable

7. Extra Credit • Arrange a field trip or a guest speaker – 25 pts • Discuss other ideas with me. • Don’t wait until the last week of class. • Remember – the max is 50 pts.

8. Civil Engineers • We’ll finish at Midterm • You will only have three tests, plus a 100 pt final • Your maximum extra credit is 25 pts. • You are welcome to stay for the remainder of the class for extra credit or just for interest

9. Excel • You need to be able to use a spread sheet to do some of the homework problems in the later portions of the class • Feedback from the University of Utah • Need a book, or use the one on reserve in the Math Lab. • Spreadsheet Tools for Engineers-Excel 97 • Available from Amazon for ~$12

10. Materials Science Chapter 0 and Chapter 1

11. Why Study Materials Science? • Everything is made out of something • The properties of the available materials determine how it can be used • Recent advances have resulted in a wide variety of new materials with new properties that have changed how we build things. • What are some examples?

12. Composites made with Carbon Nanotubes www.wikipedia.org Photomicrograph of an electrically conductive Carbon Nanotube – Polypropylene compositehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2008/02/080208182237.jpg Bicycle used in the 2005 Tour de France – the frame is made with a Carbon Nanotube composite www.nanotechweb.org

13. If you don’t understand how and why materials behave the way they do, design mistakes are inevitable

14. Shuttle Challenger Click on picture to see a movie Bruce Weaver / AP file

15. Challenger Crew Ellison S. Onizuka, Sharon Christa McAuliffe, Greg Jarvis, and Judy Resnik. In the front row from left to right: Michael J. Smith, Dick Scobee, and Ron McNair. The photo is S85-44253 from the Johnson Space Center, or GPN-2000-001173 at the Great Images in NASA archive.

16. SRB’s were designed and manufactured in Utah by Morton-Thiokol – now ATK If you get a chance, be sure to attend one of the occasional test firings at Promontory External Tank Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB’s) Orbiter

17. Stiffening Rings

19. Dr. Richard Feynman • Famously demonstrated the effect of cold on a sample of the o-ring material

20. What happened? • When the SRB was pressurized, the joint bent – as expected • Under normal temperatures the o-ring would have expanded to keep the seal intact • The temperatures were too cold – below the glass transition temperature for the rubber – so the rubber was brittle • Hot gas blew past the o-ring, ultimately resulting in failure Some small o-rings

21. Overnight cold air blasted the aft field O-ring

22. Notice the puff of black smoke apparent at lift-off

23. The escaping gas acted like a blow torch aimed at the external tank

24. What does this have to do with Materials Science? • In particular • In this course we will learn about the effect of temperature on material properties • We’ll talk about glass transition temperatures in polymers, ceramics and metals • In general we’ll study how and why materials behave the way they do – something you’d better understand when you are an engineer

25. We are interested in what determines a material’s properties and how to create materials with the properties we want

26. Properties a Designer Might Be Interested In • Mechanical Strength • Ductility • Impact Resistance • Behavior at temperature extremes • Thermal Conductivity • Electrical Conductivity • Optical Properties • Corrosion Resistance

27. Key Relationships • Material properties depend on the material microstructure, which in turn are influenced by itscomposition, nanostructure and processing Composition Nanostructure Microstructure Processing

28. Approach • Study microstructures, starting with the smallest, and working up • Look at the effect of composition on microstructure • Look at the effect of processing on microstructure • Connect how microstructure relates to properties

29. Where to Start? • The atom • Atomic bonding • The different ways that atoms bond to each other affects their properties • The different classes of materials are different because they are bonded together differently

30. 5 classes of materials • Metals • Ceramics • Polymers • Composites • Semiconductors I’ll ask you this on a test Even without studying these materials you probably have a pretty good idea of how they behave

31. What Properties are Characteristic of each Material Type?

32. Metals Ceramics Polymers Strong Strong Usually not strong Ductile Brittle Very ductile Electrical Conductor Electrical Insulator Electrical Insulator Heat Conductor Thermal Insulator Thermal Insulator Not transparent May be transparent Not transparent Shiny Heat Resistant Low Densities

33. Composites are a combination of properties • Semiconductors have unique electrical properties

34. We’ll focus on Metals, and Ceramics • Move on to polymers and composites • Leave Semiconductors for another class

35. Design Thought Exercise • In closing today let’s do a design thought exercise – from a materials science point of view

36. How Would You Design a Coffee Cup? • Criteria • Available Materials • Cost

38. For Next Time • Read and review Chapter 1 • Read Chapter 2