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Naming Acids & Bases

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kort
15 diapositives · 554 Views · Aug 04, 2014

Naming Acids & Bases. Ionic Naming Review. Acids have names that are slightly different than the ionic naming rules we learned before Acids always have hydrogen as the cation and some other anion Bases simply use the same rules we learned before .

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Naming Acids & Bases
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  1. Naming Acids & Bases

  2. Ionic Naming Review • Acids have names that are slightly different than the ionic naming rules we learned before • Acidsalways have hydrogen as the cation and some other anion • Bases simply use the same rules we learned before. • Bases always have OH-1 as the anion with some metal as the cation

  3. Ionic Naming Review - ACIDS CationAnionFormulaName H+ Cl-1HCl H+ Br-1HBr H+ I-1 HI H+ CN-1 HCN H+ ClO4-1 HClO4 H+ NO3-1 HNO3 H+ SO4-2 H2SO4 H+ PO4-3 H3PO4 H+ ClO2-1 HClO2 H+ NO2-1 HNO2 H+ SO3-2 H2SO3 H+ PO3-3 H3PO3

  4. Ionic Naming Review - ACIDS CationAnionFormulaName H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen H+ CN-1 HCN Hydrogen H+ ClO4-1 HClO4 Hydrogen H+ NO3-1 HNO3 Hydrogen H+ SO4-2 H2SO4 Hydrogen H+ PO4-3 H3PO4 Hydrogen H+ ClO2-1 HClO2 Hydrogen H+ NO2-1 HNO2 Hydrogen H+ SO3-2 H2SO3 Hydrogen H+ PO3-3 H3PO3 Hydrogen

  5. Ionic Naming Review - ACIDS CationAnionFormulaName H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen chloride H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen bromide H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen iodide H+ CN-1 HCN Hydrogen H+ ClO4-1 HClO4 Hydrogen H+ NO3-1 HNO3 Hydrogen H+ SO4-2 H2SO4 Hydrogen H+ PO4-3 H3PO4 Hydrogen H+ ClO2-1 HClO2 Hydrogen H+ NO2-1 HNO2 Hydrogen H+ SO3-2 H2SO3 Hydrogen H+ PO3-3 H3PO3 Hydrogen

  6. Ionic Naming Review - ACIDS CationAnionFormulaName H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen chloride H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen bromide H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen iodide H+ CN-1 HCN Hydrogen cyanide H+ ClO4-1 HClO4 Hydrogen perchlorate H+ NO3-1 HNO3 Hydrogen nitrate H+ SO4-2 H2SO4 Hydrogen sulfate H+ PO4-3 H3PO4 Hydrogen phosphate H+ ClO2-1 HClO2 Hydrogen chlorite H+ NO2-1 HNO2 Hydrogen nitrite H+ SO3-2 H2SO3 Hydrogen sulfite H+ PO3-3 H3PO3 Hydrogen phosphite

  7. Ionic Naming Review - Bases CationAnionFormulaName Na+ OH-1NaOH K+ OH-1KOH Ca+2 OH-1Ca(OH)2 Al+3 OH-1Al(OH)3

  8. Ionic Naming Review - Bases CationAnionFormulaName Na+ OH-1NaOH Sodium K+ OH-1KOH Potassium Ca+2 OH-1Ca(OH)2 Calcium Al+3 OH-1Al(OH)3 Aluminum

  9. Ionic Naming Review - Bases CationAnionFormulaName Na+ OH-1NaOH Sodium hydroxide K+ OH-1KOH Potassium hydroxide Ca+2 OH-1Ca(OH)2 Calcium hydroxide Al+3 OH-1Al(OH)3 Aluminum hydroxide • Bases are named exactly like any other Ionic Compound – no changes are needed

  10. Naming Acids - Rules • Acidsare named differently based upon whether or not they are Non-Oxyacids (Binary Acids) or Oxyacids. • Non-Oxyacidsare acids that DONOThave oxygen in the chemical formula. • Oxyacidsare acids that DO have oxygen in the formula. • From the list above: • Examples of Non-oxyacids: HClHBr HCN • Examples of Oxyacids: HClO4 HNO2 H3PO3

  11. Naming Acids - Rules • Non-oxyacids/Binary Acids: • “hydrogen” becomes prefix “hydro-” • -ide ending becomes –ic acid • Example: Hydrogen Fluoride = Hydrofluoric Acid • Oxyacids: • Drop “hydrogen” • -ate ending becomes –ic acid • Example: Hydrogen Sulfate = Sulfuric Acid • -ite ending becomes –ous acid • Example: Hydrogen Sulfite = Sulfurous Acid

  12. How Names Change - Acids CationAnionFormulaNameAcid Name H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen chloride H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen bromide H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen iodide H+ CN-1HCN Hydrogen cyanide H+ ClO4-1HClO4 Hydrogen perchlorate H+ NO3-1HNO3 Hydrogen nitrate H+ SO4-2H2SO4 Hydrogen sulfate H+ PO4-3H3PO4 Hydrogen phosphate H+ ClO2-1HClO2 Hydrogen chlorite H+ NO2-1HNO2 Hydrogen nitrite H+ SO3-2H2SO3 Hydrogen sulfite H+ PO3-3H3PO3 Hydrogen phosphite

  13. How Names Change - Acids CationAnionFormulaNameAcid Name H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen chlorideHydrochloricacid H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen bromideHydrobromicacid H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen iodideHydroiodicacid H+ CN-1HCN Hydrogen cyanideHydrocyanicacid H+ ClO4-1HClO4 Hydrogen perchlorate H+ NO3-1HNO3 Hydrogen nitrate H+ SO4-2H2SO4 Hydrogen sulfate H+ PO4-3H3PO4 Hydrogen phosphate H+ ClO2-1HClO2 Hydrogen chlorite H+ NO2-1HNO2 Hydrogen nitrite H+ SO3-2H2SO3 Hydrogen sulfite H+ PO3-3H3PO3 Hydrogen phosphite

  14. How Names Change - Acids CationAnionFormulaNameAcid Name H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen chlorideHydrochloricacid H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen bromideHydrobromicacid H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen iodideHydroiodicacid H+ CN-1HCN Hydrogen cyanideHydrocyanicacid H+ ClO4-1HClO4 Hydrogen perchloratePerchloricacid H+ NO3-1HNO3 Hydrogen nitrate Nitricacid H+ SO4-2H2SO4 Hydrogen sulfate Sulfuricacid H+ PO4-3H3PO4 Hydrogen phosphatePhosporicacid H+ ClO2-1HClO2 Hydrogen chlorite H+ NO2-1HNO2 Hydrogen nitrite H+ SO3-2H2SO3 Hydrogen sulfite H+ PO3-3H3PO3 Hydrogen phosphite

  15. How Names Change - Acids CationAnionFormulaNameAcid Name H+ Cl-1HCl Hydrogen chlorideHydrochloricacid H+ Br-1HBr Hydrogen bromideHydrobromicacid H+ I-1 HI Hydrogen iodideHydroiodicacid H+ CN-1HCN Hydrogen cyanideHydrocyanicacid H+ ClO4-1HClO4 Hydrogen perchloratePerchloricacid H+ NO3-1HNO3 Hydrogen nitrate Nitricacid H+ SO4-2H2SO4 Hydrogen sulfate Sulfuricacid H+ PO4-3H3PO4 Hydrogen phosphatePhosporicacid H+ ClO2-1HClO2 Hydrogen chloriteChlorousacid H+ NO2-1HNO2 Hydrogen nitrite Nitrousacid H+ SO3-2H2SO3 Hydrogen sulfite Sulfurousacid H+ PO3-3H3PO3 Hydrogen phosphite Phosphorousacid