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The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System. What is its purpose?. RESPIRATORY PRE-TEST. The main function of the respiratory system is_____ Name the structures of the respiratory system. What is the larynx? Describe the role of the epiglottis. Explain ways in which you can care for the respiratory system.

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The Respiratory System

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  1. The Respiratory System What is its purpose?

  2. RESPIRATORY PRE-TEST • The main function of the respiratory system is_____ • Name the structures of the respiratory system. • What is the larynx? • Describe the role of the epiglottis. • Explain ways in which you can care for the respiratory system. • List at least 3 problems associated with the respiratory system and their symptoms.

  3. BELLRINGER • What happens to air in the lungs when you breathe out?

  4. What Happens During Respiration • Main Idea The lungs take in oxygen from the air you inhale and return carbon dioxide to the air when you exhale. The respiratory systems provides oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body.

  5. Main Function of the Respiration System • The main function of the respiratory system is respiration, the exchange of gases between the body and the environment. • The respiratory system removes carbon dioxide from the body and provides it with fresh oxygen.

  6. External and Internal Respiration • External Respiration • is oxygen that moves from the lungs into the blood, and carbon dioxide from the blood into the lungs. • Internal Respiration • is oxygen that moves from the blood into the cells, and carbon dioxide moves from the cells into the blood.

  7. Structure of the Respiratory System • The Lungs— • fill automatically • found in chest • Emptied in a rhythmic way • The Diaphragm • Muscle • Separates the chest from the abdominal cavity • Expands chest cavity and your lungs • Lobes— • Bronchioles • Alveoli • Pharynx • Trachea--windpipe • Bronchi—main airways that reach each lung.

  8. The Larynx and the Epiglottis • Larynx---The voice box • Epiglottis---Flap of cartilage in front of the entrance of the larynx.

  9. Care of the Respiratory System • Susceptible to infection • Avoid putting hands up to your mouth • Hand washing • Polluted air • Smoking • Exercise—Strengthens the lungs.

  10. Respiratory System Problems • Bronchitis---Inflammation of the bronchi. • Symptoms include: wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. Can be acute (severe but not long lasting), comes on suddenly and usually clears up. • Chronic (long lasting, recurring and can get progressively worse). Usually associated with a viral infection(micro organism capable of replicating within living cells). • Common in smokers and in area with high pollution.

  11. Asthma (AZ-muh) • Inflammatory condition in the small airways in the lungs called bronchioles become narrow, causing difficulty in breathing. • Triggers---exertion, emotion, infection, allergens, changes in the weather. • Bronchodilators—medicine that relax and widen the airways. • Preventive measures---hand held inhalers---self administered • Prophylactic medication---medications, taken several times a day through an inhaler.

  12. Pneumonia • Inflammation of the lungs. • Caused by infectious organisms---bacteria or virus Two main types A. Lobar pneumonia—one lung is infected at first B. Bronchial pneumonia---Inflammation starts in the bronchi and spreads to tissue in one or both of the lungs. • Symptoms: fever, chills, shortness of breath, and a severe cough. • Pleurisy( PLUR-uh-see)---Inflammation of the membrane lining the lungs and chest cavity. Chest pain that is worse when breathing.

  13. Tuberculosis • Infectious bacterial disease of the lungs. • Symptoms: fever and sweating, weakness, poor appetite, shortness of breath and severe coughing. • Rarity---Modern antibiotic medicines

  14. Emphysema • A disease in which the alveoli in the lungs burst and blend to form fewer, large sacs with less surface area. • Normal exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the alveoli is disrupted. • Symptoms---difficulty breathing and a chronic cough • Cause---breathing foreign matters such as smoke and other air pollutants over a long period of time. Most often caused by cigarette smoking. • Cannot be reversed

  15. Sinusitis • Inflammation of the membrane lining in the facial sinuses, the air-filled cavities in the bones that surround the nose. • Symptoms---fever, stuffy nose, and a throbbing ache in the affected area. • Treatment---Antibiotic medications, decongestant drops or spray, and steam inhalation

  16. How the Body Work • http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/

  17. Review Quiz • The main function of the respiratory system is_____ • Name at least 4 of the 8 structures of the respiratory system. • What is the larynx? • Describe the role of the epiglottis. • Explain ways in which you can care for the respiratory system. Bonus • List at least 3 problems associated with the respiratory system and their symptoms.

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