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Group 3: Eastern Plains Dry Forests Location: Roberto

1. Ms. Amalia Maling 2. Mr. Masphal Kry 3. Mr. Nick Cox 4. Mr. Simon Mahood 5. Mr. Sovanny Chhum 6. Dr. Sovuthy Pheav 7. Mr. Warren Brockelman. Facilitators: 1. Mr. David Emmet 2. Mr. Jonathan Cook. Group 3: Eastern Plains Dry Forests Location: Roberto.

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Group 3: Eastern Plains Dry Forests Location: Roberto

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  1. 1. Ms. Amalia Maling 2. Mr. Masphal Kry 3. Mr. Nick Cox 4. Mr. Simon Mahood 5. Mr. Sovanny Chhum 6. Dr. Sovuthy Pheav 7. Mr. Warren Brockelman Facilitators: 1. Mr. David Emmet 2. Mr. Jonathan Cook Group 3: Eastern Plains Dry ForestsLocation: Roberto

  2. Lower Mekong Dry Forests: Eastern Cambodia 21 July 2009

  3. Core Values (1) Critically endangered/threatened species: • Giant and white-shouldered ibis; adjutants • Slender-billed, white rumped, red-headed vulture • Asian elephant • Wild cattle (banteng, gaur) • Wild cats (tiger, clouded leopard) • Primates (e.g. yellow-cheeked gibbon)

  4. Core Values (2) Important range of habitats: • Largest contiguous block of deciduous/dry dipterocarp forest in SE Asia • Dry/seasonal evergreen forest • Seasonal wetlands • Open grasslands • Riparian forests • Upland evergreen forests (dry season refugia)

  5. Core Values (3) Broad range of ecosystem services: • Carbon sequestration • Watershed regulation for Mekong tributaries • Ecotourism • Cultural/traditional values • Livelihoods for local communities, e.g. • Food (agriculture), NTFPs, timber, fisheries, etc.

  6. Development and Other Non-Climate Changes (Present/Planned) • Mining (small and large-scale, gold/bauxite) • Economic land concessions • Agriculture (large-scale: rubber, biofuels; small-scale: rice, cassava) • Roads (+ secondary effects such as forest clearance, wildlife trade, invasive species) • Hydropower (2 major dams planned) • Migration (expected from lowland areas )

  7. Potential Impacts from Climate Change • Increased temperatures throughout year • Longer dry season • Greater variability in timing of rainfall • More extreme events (droughts/floods) • Potential changes in fire regimes

  8. Potential Indicators for Monitoring Impacts of Climate Change (1) • Species • Gibbons [range] – extent of evergreen forest • Ibis and stork [presence/absence] – extent of seasonal wetlands • Carnivores, e.g. dhole/leopard [range] – overall ecosystem stability and impacts on prey species • Other, e.g. amphibians/invertebrates – shorter-term fluctuations (population explosions)

  9. Potential Indicators for Monitoring Impacts of Climate Change (2) • Habitats • Forests • Dry dipterocarp, semi-evergreen, evergreen • Monitor extent and type through remote sensing • Monitor tree mortality, recruitment, and growth through permanent plots on elevational transects • Permanent waterholes • Map location • Monitor annual changes • Fire monitoring • Dry season duration • Rainfall fluctuation

  10. Potential Indicators for Monitoring Impacts of Climate Change (3) • Ecosystem services • Human livelihoods for local communities • Crop yields • Planting times • Location/extent of agricultural land in existing villages • Changing importance/values of different NTFPs [e.g. fish/frogs/honey/resin/bamboo] • Local market surveys at set times of year • Watershed regulation • Flow regimes for small rivers within watershed

  11. ADAPTATION STRATEGIES – DRY FORESTS • 1. Review of national protected areas to assess viability and coverage of conservation values when taking climate change into account • CI document for Cardamoms – can be replicated and expanded – partners include REDD team in FA, government adaptation team in MoE, WWF, WCS, development NGOs, • 2. Review suitability of land, taking climate change into account – develop a diverse climate resilient landscape, e.g., for agriculture, including new crops. • Potential for WWF to expand existing work

  12. 3. Ensure the permanence of wetlands across the landscape – review locations and permanence of wetlands, expand wetlands if necessary to ensure they remain permanent even in times of reduced rainfall and longer dry seasons • WWF, WCS, Birdlife, FA, MoE • 4. Assess potential for adaptation by local communities – conduct studies to assess existing adaptation strategies used by local communities. • WWF, WCS, FA, other

  13. 5. Ensure dry season refugia for wildlife (evergreen forests) are protected and accessible to wildlife – increased protection, reduced logging, maintain/develop corridors • FA, MoE, WWF, WCS, Birdlife • 6. Fire management in an effort to reduce forest loss – pilot study, assessment of positive and negative effects, expand to protected areas as appropriate

  14. 7. Ensure effective management of freshwater for livelihood needs throughout the year – ensure water access during dry season by expanding existing small reservoirs, improving irrigation, water containers, diverse and intensified crops and livelihoods – integrate into existing commune-level planning processes • Development NGO, other

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