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THE ROCK CYCLE

THE ROCK CYCLE. BY: DANIELLE PERRY. INTRODUCTION. This slide show is intended to help you understand important types of rocks. The diagram in the next slide represents the ROCK CYCLE-a scheme that represents the processes of changes that connect the three major groups of rocks: SEDIMENTARY

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THE ROCK CYCLE

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  1. THE ROCK CYCLE BY: DANIELLE PERRY

  2. INTRODUCTION • This slide show is intended to help you understand important types of rocks. • The diagram in the next slide represents the ROCK CYCLE-a scheme that represents the processes of changes that connect the three major groups of rocks: • SEDIMENTARY • IGNEOUS • METAMORPHIC • It also shows two other important parts of the “Rock Cycle”-SEDIMENTS and molten LAVA and MAGMA • Source: http://www.canadianrockhound.com/junior/rock cycle.html

  3. CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS

  4. EXAMPLES OF NON-CLASTIC ROCKS

  5. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Sedimentary rocks may be made of rock fragments-sediments-or by chemical reactions. The classification is shown below:

  6. SHALE ROCK • Shale is the most common sedimentary rock. • Sedimentary rocks cover about three quarters of the land surface. • For more about sedimentary rocks http:||www.rolcanoworld.org|vw docs

  7. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS • The most important of this is coal.

  8. IGNEOUS ROCKS • Form by solidification {crystallization} of melted minerals. • At the surface, LAVA hardens to form EXTRUSIVE rocks with tiny {FINE-GRAINED crystals or GLASSY {no crystal} TEXTURES. • Beneath the surface, MAGMA hardens to form INTRUSIVE rocks with easily visible {COURSE-GRAINED} crystal texture.

  9. Light-colored, coarse-grained, no pattern. • Mostly quartz, feldspar, mica, and hornblende. • Often used for buildings and monuments.

  10. Dark-colored, fine-grained, extrusive. • Formed where lava erupted onto surface. • Found locally in Palisades along west shore of Hudson River, Connecticut River valley.

  11. Dark-colored coarse-grained intrusive • Similar composition to basalt-plagioclase feldspar with some pyroxene, and olivine.

  12. Obsidian • Natural volcanic glass. • Forms when lava cools very quickly. • Usually dark, but small pieces may be clear. • Fractures along curved {conchoidal} . • Used as spear, and arrow points,and knives.

  13. PUMICE and RHYOLITE

  14. METAMORPHIC ROCKS • Formed by heat and pressure changing existing rocks. • REGIONAL METAMORPHIC affects a large area and results from plate tectonics. • CONTACT METAMORPHISM affects rocks on a local scale, such as “baking” sedimentary rocks next to magma or lava. • For more information: • http:/www.volcanoworld.org/vwdocs/vwdocs lessons/lessonsMetrocks/Metrocks1.html

  15. FOLIATES, SLATE,GNEISS,SCHIST

  16. NON- FOLIATES

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