1 / 18

The German "Energiewende"

Geo. Vi. Be. The German "Energiewende". Electricity Solely From Renewable Resources?. Contents. Introduction Boundary conditions and presumptions Simulation Results Conclusions. Introduction. CO 2 causes Greenhouse effect Germany is one of the biggest CO 2 emittents

kristent
Télécharger la présentation

The German "Energiewende"

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Geo Vi Be The German "Energiewende" ElectricitySolelyFromRenewable Resources?

  2. Contents • Introduction • Boundaryconditionsandpresumptions • Simulation • Results • Conclusions

  3. Introduction • CO2causesGreenhouseeffect • Germany isoneofthebiggest CO2emittents • Countermeasure: „Energiewende“

  4. Annual energyconsumtion in Germany • 1202 TWh for heating • 718 TWh for fuels • 600 TWhelectrical energy

  5. Presentsourcesforelectricalenergy • Total average power: 70.0 GW • Total energy: 600 TWh

  6. Renewableelectricalenergy • Annual total energy: 157.4 TWh

  7. Boundaryconditionsandpresumptions • Presumptions: • Continuouslyincreasingshareofrenewableenergy • Chemical energystorageby H2 via electrolysis H2 tank Electrolyser Gas turbine 2 H2O -> O2 + 2 H2, Dh = +571,8 kJ/mol

  8. Boundaryconditionsandpresumptions • Leadingquestions: • Optimum layoutofphotovoltaics, wind and (biomass + water power)? • Requiredpeakpowers? • Maximum energystorage? • Required power forelectrolysersand gas turbines?

  9. Boundaryconditionsandpresumptions • Realisticelectricityconsumptionprofile • Power: 32 – 94 GW • Total annualenergy: 600 TWh Winter Summer Maximum load Power Maximum load Average load Average load Basic load Basic load Time Time

  10. Characteristicsofrenewables • Water Capacityfullyused • Bio mass Ethicalproblems, onlywasteshouldbeused • Geothermal energy Small scale • Wind Public resistance • Photovoltaics Expensive, smallefficiency

  11. Assumptionsforweather • Annual numberofdepressions: 20 (period: 18 ¼ days) • Amplitude sun power: 15 – 100 % • Amplitude wind power: 0 – 100 % • Seasonaldistributionof wind power: Between 5 % in June and 12 % in December • Phase shiftbetweenmaximumsunlightandmaximum wind: p/2 = 4 ½ days • Day length: 7 – 17 hrs

  12. Simulation with Excel • 1 hr per line = 8760 linesforoneyear • Cosinus interpolationbetweenthecurves

  13. Simulation ofsun power • Presentsunpower: • Heigthofsunoverhorizon (0 duringnighttime) • Multipliedwithweatherfactor

  14. Simulation of wind power • Present wind power: • Weatherfactor • Multipliedbyseasonal wind factor

  15. Overlayofsimulationresults • Required power • Minus presentsun power • Minus presentwind power • Minus permanent power Water+ Bio mass = 22.8 GW • Equals • Electrolyser power (when negative) • Auxiliary gas power (when positive)

  16. Result Optimum shares: • Solar 15 % • Wind > 50 %

  17. Requiredpowers • Requiredreservoirspace: 26.5 TWh • Required power:

  18. Conclusions • Enoughelectrical power canbeproducedbyrenewableenergy • Storage spacealreadyexists • Technical bottleneckfortheEnergiewende: The realisationof high-power electrolysis • EconomicalbottleneckfortheEnergiewende: The recoveryofthestoredenergyby gas power (averageloadlessthan 18 %)

More Related