1. Sonnets • Poetry terms review • Shakespeare’s sonnets

2. Metaphor A figure of speech which compares two things that are really not alike in most respects, but which seem alike in one meaningful way. In a metaphor, the comparison is made without the use of such words as “like” or “as.”

3. Metaphors Examples: The snow was a blanket on the field. The music was medicine for my sick soul.

4. Similes A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two things that are not really alike in most respects, but that are alike in some way that makes the comparison effective. In a simile, the comparison is always made by using specific comparing words such as “like” or “as.”

5. Similes Examples: The snow covered the field like a blanket. Opening the doors to my favorite stores was like pulling the ribbon off an unexpected present.

6. Similes The heavily tattooed man is like a walking storybook. Lake Minnetonka is like a woman’s heart: deep, murky, and mysterious. During the last minute of passing period, Wayzata High School is like a beehive, with students buzzing frantically around, trying to get to the right cell of the honeycomb on time.

7. Shakespearean Sonnets: The basics • Review • Iambic Pentameter and the English Sonnet Style • Shakespeare’s sonnets (154) are written predominantly in iambic pentameter, a rhyme scheme in which each sonnet line consists of ten syllables. • The syllables are divided into five pairs called iambs or iambic feet. An iamb is a metrical unit made up of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable. An example of an iamb would be good BYE. A line of iambic pentameter flows like this: • baBOOM / baBOOM / baBOOM / baBOOM / baBOOM.

8. Sonnets Sonnets were most often used as love poems. Romeo and Juliet recite one to one another when they meet at the party. However, sonnets are used elsewhere in the play, too (such as in the prologues). The Shakespearean sonnet consists of three verses with four lines in each verse, then a fourth verse with only two lines.

9. Sonnets The structure of it might look like this: Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx

10. Sonnets The rhyming pattern for the first three verses is: ababcdcdefef This means the last word of the first line rhymes with the last word of the third line. The last word of the second line rhymes with the last word of the fourth line in each quatrain. For the fourth verse (the two-line verse, known as a couplet) the rhyming pattern is gg. This means the last word of the first line rhymes with the last word of the second line.

11. Sonnets Let’s look at a sonnet from Romeo and Juliet that all of you are somewhat familiar with: The Prologue to Act 1

12. Sonnets Two households, both alike in dignity, In fair Verona (where we lay our scene), From ancient grudge break to new mutiny, Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. From forth the fatal loins of these two foes A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life; Whose misadventured piteous overthrows Doth with their death bury their parents’ strife. The fearful passage of their death-marked love, And the continuance of their parents’ rage, Which but their children’s end nought could remove, Is now the two hours’ traffic of our stage. The which if you with patient ears attend, What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend.

13. Sonnets • The poem has 14 lines, arranged in three verses of four lines, and a fourth verse of two lines. • It follows the rhyming pattern noted earlier. • Lastly, each line contains 10 syllables: • From (1) forth (2) the (3) fatal (4,5) loins (6) of (7) these (8) two (9) foes (10) • That’s your challenge. • But there’s more.