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Introduction High-Resolution and High Accuracy Mass Spectrometry Half-Life Measurements

Nuclear Properties far off Stability from Broad-Band Mass and Lifetime Measurements in a Storage Ring. Yuri A. Litvinov International Nuclear Physics Conference June 07, 2007. Introduction High-Resolution and High Accuracy Mass Spectrometry Half-Life Measurements Summary and Outlook.

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Introduction High-Resolution and High Accuracy Mass Spectrometry Half-Life Measurements

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  1. Nuclear Properties far off Stability from Broad-Band Mass and Lifetime Measurements in a Storage Ring Yuri A. Litvinov International Nuclear Physics Conference June 07, 2007 • Introduction • High-Resolution and High Accuracy Mass Spectrometry • Half-Life Measurements • Summary and Outlook

  2. Masses: Fundamental Properties of Atomic Nuclei • Binding energies • Mass models • Shell structure Mass matters ! • Correlations • pairing • Reaction phase space • Q-values • Reaction probabilities • The reach of nuclei • Drip lines • Specific configurations • and topologies • Nuclear astrophysics • Paths of nucleosynthesis • Fundamental symmetries • Metrology • …..

  3. Measured Mass Surface

  4. Secondary Beams of Short-Lived Nuclei Storage Ring ESR Linear Accelerator UNILAC Fragment Separator FRS Production target Heavy-Ion Synchrotron SIS

  5. About 1000 nuclear residues identified A/Z-resolution ~10-3 J. Pereira et al., PRC (2007) Production & Separation of Exotic Nuclei Primary beams @ 400-1000 MeV/u Highly-Charged Ions (0, 1, 2 … bound electrons) In-Flight separation within ~ 150 ns Cocktail or mono-isotopic beams Transmission to the ESR of about 1%

  6. SMS and IMS

  7. Schottky Mass Spectrometry 1987 - B. Franzke, H. Geissel, G. Münzenberg

  8. time SMS 4 particles with different m/q

  9. Sin(w1) Sin(w2) w4 w3 w2 w1 Sin(w3) time Sin(w4) SMS Fast Fourier Transform

  10. SMS: Broad Band Frequency Spectra

  11. SMS: Accuracy Dm/m ≈ 4 ·10-8 H. Geissel et al., Eur. Phys. J. A (in press)

  12. Isochronous Mass Spectrometry 1985 - H. Wollnik, Y. Fujita, H. Geissel, G. Münzenberg,et al.

  13. m/q range: 2.4-2.7 IMS: Time-of-Flight Spectra Nuclei with half-lives as short as 20 ms About 13% in mass-over-charge range M. Hausmann et al., Hyperfine Interactions 132 (2001) 291 M. Matos et al., Proc. EXON 2004

  14. IMS: Br Tagging Good isochronous conditions are fulfilled only in a small range Solution: measurement of Bror v in addition H. Geissel et al., Eur. Phys. J. A (in press)

  15. Measured Mass Surface Masses of more than 1100 Nuclides were measured Mass accuracy: SMS 1.5 ∙10-7up to 4 ∙10-8 IMS ~5 ∙10-7 Results: ~ 350 new masses In addition more than 300 improved mass values

  16. Science is either PHYSICS or collecting STAMPS

  17. Two-Proton Dripline Yu.N. Novikov et al., NP A697 (2002) 92

  18. Odd-Even Staggering of Nuclear Binding Energies Yu.A. Litvinov, Th. Bürvenich et al., PRL 95 (2005) 042501

  19. Predictive Powers of Mass Models H. Geissel et al., NP A746 (2004) 150c

  20. Predictive Powers of Mass Models Isotope abundances calculated by assuming that a single neutron-separation energy is varied by 1 MeV H. Geissel et al., AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 831 (2006) 108

  21. Mass Evaluation A. Wapstra G. Audi, C. Thibault, NPA729 (2003) 129 FRS-ESR data • AME 1. Q-values: b-decays (b+,b-) frequency correlations between all measured ESR data 2. Q-values: a-decays 3. Q-values: reactions (p,n), (n,g), etc. Combined Evaluation ~2·105 input data 4. direct measurements (traps, rings) Yu.A. Litvinov, G. Audi et al., ILIMA Technical Proposal 6169 input data Yu.A. Litvinov et al, NPA756 (2005) 3

  22. Half-life Measurements • Bound-state beta decay and cosmic clocks • M. Jung et al., Physical Review Letters 69 (1992) 2164 • F. Bosch et al., Physical Review Letters 77 (1996) 5190 • Beta-decay of fully-ionized atoms • H. Irnich et al., Physical Review Letters 75 (1995) 4182 • De-excitation of isomeric states in fully-ionized atoms • Yu.A. Litvinov et al., Physics Letters B573 (2003) 80 • Direct observation of bound-state beta decay • T. Ohtsubo et al., Physical Review Letters 95 (2005) 052501

  23. Nuclear Decay of Stored Single Ions Yu.A. Litvinov et al, NPA756 (2003) 3

  24. Nuclear Decay of Stored Single Ions Yu.A. Litvinov et al, NPA756 (2003) 3

  25. Less is more in EC decay FRS-ESR Experiment lEC(neutral)= 1.9(1) · 10-3 s-1 lEC(H-like) = 2.2(1) · 10-3s-1 lEC(He-like) = 1.5(1) · 10-3s-1 EC(H-like)/EC(He-like) = 1.5(1) EC(H-like)/EC(neutral) = 1.2(1)

  26. Electron Capture in Hydrogen-like Ions

  27. Summary and Outlook Two complementary methods: Schottky and Isochronous mass spectrometry. • Broad-band: simultaneous measurements of ~100 of nuclides • High accuracy: 5 ∙10-7 for the IMS and up to 4 ∙10-8 for SMS • Ultimate sensitivity and efficiency: single ion is sufficient • Short half-lives: down to ~10 ms Ideal for measurements of large-areas of nuclides with very low cross-sections and very short half-lives • Highly-charged ions Ideal for decay studies relevant for astrophysical scenarios

  28. FRS-ESR Half-Life and Mass Measurements F R S E S R H a l f L i f e a n d M a s s M e a s u r e m e n t s Collaboration G.Audi, K.Beckert, F.Bosch, D.Boutin, C.Brandau, T.Bürvenich, L.Chen, I.Cullen, C.Dimopoulou, A.Dolinskii, B.Fabian, T.Faestermann, B.Franzke, H.Geissel, E.Haettner, M.Hausmann, P.Kienle, O.Klepper, R.Knöbel, C.Kozhuharov, J.Kurcewicz, Y.Litvinov, S.Litvinov, Z.Liu, L.Maier, M.Mazzocco, F.Montes, G.Münzenberg, A.Musumarra, S.Nakajima, C.Nociforo, F.Nolden, T.Ohtsubo, A.Ozawa, Z.Patyk, W.Plass, T.Radon, H.Schatz, C.Scheidenberger, M.Shindo, J.Stadlmann, M.Steck, T.Stöhlker, B.Sun, T.Suzuki, P.Walker, H.Weick, N.Winckler, M.Winkler, H.Wollnik, T.Yamaguchi

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