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Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The Stakes for Russia. Origins of SCO: Shanghai Five 1996. Demarcation of borders Demilitarization of borders Unified front against transnational separatist movements Forum for economic cooperation Aug. 1999: Declaration of “three evils”

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Shanghai Cooperation Organization

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  1. Shanghai Cooperation Organization The Stakes for Russia

  2. Origins of SCO: Shanghai Five 1996 • Demarcation of borders • Demilitarization of borders • Unified front against transnational separatist movements • Forum for economic cooperation • Aug. 1999: Declaration of “three evils” • Terrorism, Separatism, Religious Extremism

  3. Founding SCO • June 2001 (before 9/11 and before US military presence in Central Asia) • Addition of Uzbekistan • 2002 Official Charter signed in St. Petersburg • “Three Evils” incorporated into founding documents • Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS) established in Tashkent

  4. Andijan • May 13, 2005 Uzbek forces clash with protesters/insurgents, killing hundreds • US and EU call for investigation into events • SCO reaction • June 2005 Astana summit calls for withdrawal of Western forces from Central Asia • Uzbekistan demands closure of US Karshi-Khanabad (K-2) airbase and joins CSTO a year later • Realigning of Uzbekistan with Russia

  5. Russian View on SCO Future • Against SCO enlargement • Limited economic integration with China while stressing SCO security functions (RATS) • Becoming symbol of stability contrasted with US-led instability on SCO southern rim • Russia as bridge between Asia and Europe

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