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Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Grade 8, Semester 1 Year 2011-2012. Coronary arteries: blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. Coronary arteries branch from the main aorta. Blood Supply to the Heart. 120. 120. 70. Artery. Artery closed.

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Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

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  1. Coronary Heart Disease(CHD) Grade 8, Semester 1 Year 2011-2012

  2. Coronary arteries: blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle. • Coronary arteries branch from the main aorta Blood Supply to the Heart

  3. 120 120 70 Artery Arteryclosed • Measuring blood pressure can reveal cardiovascular problems • Typical blood pressure for a healthy young adult is about 120/70 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). • Hypertension (above 140/90 mm Hg) can cause CHD. Blood pressure reading: 120/70 Pressurein cuff above 120 Pressurein cuff below 120 Pressurein cuff below 70 Rubber cuffinflatedwith air Sounds stop Sounds audible instethoscope Blood Pressure

  4. Coronary heart disease(CHD) is a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. What is CHD?

  5. Coronary heart disease is usually caused by a condition called atherosclerosis. • Occurs when fatty material and a substance called plaque build up on the walls of arteries causing them to get narrow. • As the coronary arteries narrow, blood flow to the heart can slow down or stop. This can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, heart attack, and other symptoms. What can cause CHD?

  6. Smooth muscle Connective tissue Plaque Endothelium (a) Normal artery (b) Partly clogged artery 50 µm 250 µm Figure 42.18a, b • One type of cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis • Is caused by the buildup of cholesterol within arteries

  7. Understanding CHD

  8. Bad genes (heredity) can increase your risk. You are more likely to develop the condition if someone in your family has had a history of heart disease • Poor lifestyle: Smoking, lack of exercise, stress • Diabetes • High blood cholesterol Causes

  9. Hypertension, or high blood pressure • Promotes atherosclerosis and increases the risk of heart attack and stroke • A heart attack • Is the death of cardiac muscle tissue resulting from blockage of one or more coronary arteries • A stroke • Is the death of nervous tissue in the brain, usually resulting from rupture or blockage of arteries in the head

  10. None Chest Pain Signs & Symptoms Shortness Of Breath Heart Attack Symptoms

  11. Avoid or reduce stress. • Don't smoke. • Eat well-balanced meals that are low in fat and cholesterol and include several daily servings of fruits and vegetables. • Get regular exercise. • Keep your blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg if you have diabetes or chronic kidney disease, and below 140/90 otherwise • Keep your cholesterol and blood sugar under control. Prevention

  12. Healthy blood vessel is removed from leg, arm or chest. • Blood vessel is used to create new blood flow path in your heart. • The “bypass graft” enables blood to reach your heart by flowing around the blocked portion of the diseased artery. Treatment (Bypass surgery)

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