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English: Middle to Modern

English: Middle to Modern. Why the shift?. Continuation of shift from Old Germanic influence to one more influenced by French Advent of the ideas of “correct” and “incorrect” spellings in the early 18 th century Printing and an attempt to create standard language Great Vowel Shift

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English: Middle to Modern

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  1. English:Middle to Modern

  2. Why the shift? • Continuation of shift from Old Germanic influence to one more influenced by French • Advent of the ideas of “correct” and “incorrect” spellings in the early 18th century • Printing and an attempt to create standard language • Great Vowel Shift • However, this shift was extremely gradual

  3. Many Similarities in Vocabulary Ox Thing Ship King Storm Tune Like Oath Sand Beard • Oxe • Thynge • Shippe • Keng • Storm • Tunen • Lyk • Oth • Saund • Berd

  4. Spelling Variations Raven • Raven • Ravenne • Ravin • Ravon • Ravoun • Rafen • Rafne • Raiven • Revene • Revin • Reafen Stone • Ston • Stonne • Stoine • Stane • Staine • Stoan • Stowyn • Stond • Stonus

  5. Pstiak Tod Tuker Tamen Holt Heeth Mæith Stonder Boskie Hogeler Hobet Yenstond Parrot Fox Tailor To empty (out) Woods Wasteland Tribe Soldier Overgrown (as in gardening) Laborer A two-year-old sheep Opposition Not all survived…

  6. Partial Survival Tak = Importune = Intent = fastener (tack),covering on a cart untimely (inopportune), urgent purpose (intention), design

  7. Spoken vs. Written 1: Whan that aprill with his shoures soote2: The droghte of march hath perced to the roote,3: And bathed every veyne in swich licour4: Of which vertu engendred is the flour;5: Whan zephirus eek with his sweete breeth6: Inspired hath in every holt and heeth7: Tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne8: Hath in the ram his halve cours yronne,9: And smale foweles maken melodye,10: That slepen al the nyght with open ye11: (so priketh hem nature in hir corages);12: Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,13: And palmeres for to seken straunge strondes,14: To ferne halwes, kowthe in sondry londes;15: And specially from every shires ende16: Of engelond to caunterbury they wende,17: The hooly blisful martir for to seke,18: That hem hath holpen whan that they were seeke 1: When April with his showers sweet with fruit2: The drought of March has pierced unto the root3: And bathed each vein with liquor that has power4: To generate therein and sire the flower;5: When Zephyr also has, with his sweet breath,6: Quickened again, in every holt and heath,7: The tender shoots and buds, and the young sun8: Into the Ram one half his course has run,9: And many little birds make melody10: That sleep through all the night with open eye11: (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)-12: Then do folk long to go on pilgrimage,13: And palmers to go seeking out strange strands,14: To distant shrines well known in sundry lands.15: And specially from every shire's end16: Of England they to Canterbury wend,17:The holy blessed martyr there to seek18:Who helped them when they lay so ill and weal http://www.herr-rau.de/archiv/chaucer/prologue.mp3

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