Project of Tabouna Cover

1. Project of TabounaCover Abdelkarim GHEZAL Agence Nationale pour la Maîtrise de l’Energie

2. Wood Energy in Tunisia • The availablesupply of dry woodwasestimated in 1997 to about 2,630 million tonnes. • The demand for woodenergycomesessentiallyfromresidentialsector 98% of consumption. • Rural households : 92% of the fuelwoodconsumption of the residentialsector. • Preparation of bread: about 50% of rural residentialconsumption. • Only the central regionis surplus - Other areas are deficient (coveragerangingfrom 50% to 65%). • The public effort wasorientedtowards the implementation of actions and mechanisms for reducingconsumption.

3. Pilot Project • ANME launched in the late 80s, early actions to rationalize the use of woodenergy. • withGermancooperation, a pilot projectwaslaunched in the Kef region in 1990. • Between 1990 and 1991, socio-economic investigations wereconducted to understand the characteristics of woodconsumption by households. • These investigations have shown the importance of including the consumption of wood for the preparation of traditionalbread, whichled to considerthis practice as a prioritytarget in the pilot project. • At the end of 1992, after a period of testing and monitoring in the field, the option tabounawithmetalcoverwaschosen.

4. Tabounacover • Equipping the tabounaovenwith a lidwas the mostpromising solution to reduce the consumption of firewood. • The lidis made out of sheetsteel and isfixed by a hinge on to the tabouna. • When the tabounais in use, the lidisclosed, thusretaining a large proportion of the energythatisnormallylostwith the traditionaltabouna. • The evaluation of the demonstration phase has shownthatthistechnologymakereduction of about 50% of the consumption of wood for tabouna. This technique wasthenused for the extension phase.

5. Tabounacover

6. Extension Phase • Duringthis phase, ANME tried to prepare the conditions and sustainablemechanisms for the widedissemination of the cover. • The ideawas to promote a commercial release by introducingmarketmechanisms: • Creation of a network of 12 artisans in the North West • Awareness and outreach in rural areas • Identify and attempt to involve the shops of traders in rural areas (Hanout) to ensure local relaybroadcast

7. Dissemination Phase • Giventhesedifficulties, ANME abounded commercial distribution approach and ensured by itsownmeans, the distribution door to doorcovers. • The sellingprice of the coverwas set at 3 DT, a grantfrom the ANME of about 6 DT per unit. • Given the limitedhuman and logisticalresources of ANER the scope of dissemination has been modest, not exceeding 1,000 households per year. • Since 2000, ANME has adopted a new strategybased on local NGOs as a relaybroadcast. • The lids are provided free of charge to NGOs • ANME has signedagreementswith 20 NGOsworkingmainly in the North West.

8. Project Results • Potentialtabounacovers: 200,000. • End of 2006: Only 14 000 coversweredistributed (7% of potential). • Demandsexpressed by NGOs > Budget of ANME • The program has failed to establishsustainablemechanisms for disseminationbased on a marketapproach: • The cost of the coverishigherthanwhathouseholdscanpayfoit • Lack of appropriateawareness • The diffuse nature of the market • The dominance of the non-commercial woodsupplywhichdoes not permit financialvaluation of woodsavedthrough the use of cover. • Lack of local broadcast relay

9. Project Impacts • Accordingto studies, the use of coversaves on average 50% of the wood for tabouna. On this basis, the annuel energysavingscanbeestimatedat about 2.8 ktoe. • In terms of wood, the program has to avoid the consumption of approximately 5600 tons of wood/year. • Social impacts of the program are primarilyrelated to the reduction of the burden on women to collectfirewood

10. Thank You www.anme.nat.tn akghezal@anme.nat.tn