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Computer and Data Processing

Computer and Data Processing . MGM2191 Semester 2 (2009/2010) Distance Learning (PJJ ) 21 March 2010. Computer and Data Processing . Chapter 7- Storage Chapter 8- Operating Systems and Utility Program Chapter 9- Communications and Network Chapter 10- Database Management

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Computer and Data Processing

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  1. Computer and Data Processing MGM2191 Semester 2 (2009/2010) Distance Learning (PJJ) 21 March 2010

  2. Computer and Data Processing Chapter 7- Storage Chapter 8- Operating Systems and Utility Program Chapter 9- Communications and Network Chapter 10- Database Management Chapter 11- Computer Security, Ethics and Privacy Chapter 12- Information Systems Development Chapter 14- Enterprise Computing

  3. Storage Pages 352 - 353 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  4. Storage Pages 352 – 353 Figure 7-1 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  5. Storage • Capacity is the number of bytes a storage medium can hold Page 354 Figure 7-2 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  6. Storage • A storage deviceis the computer hardware that records and/or retrieves items to and from storage media Page 354 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  7. Storage • Access timemeasures: • The amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium • The time required to deliver an item from memory to the processor Page 355 Figure 7-4 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  8. Hard Disks • A hard diskcontains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information Page 355 Figure 7-5 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  9. Hard Disks • Characteristics of a hard disk include: Page 357 Figure 7-8 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  10. Hard Disks • Formattingis the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk Page 357 Figure 7-7 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  11. Hard Disks • A head crash occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter • Always keep a backup of your hard disk Pages 358 – 359 Figure 7-11 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  12. Hard Disks Pages 360 – 361 Figures 7-14 – 7-15 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  13. Flash Memory Storage Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 7, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Solid State Drives below Chapter 7 Page 363 Figure 7-17 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  14. Flash Memory Storage • A memory cardis a removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer Page 364 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  15. Optical Discs • An optical disc consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser • Typically store software, data, digital photos, movies, and music • Read only vs. rewritable Page 370 Figure 7-25 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  16. Optical Discs • Optical discs commonly store items in a single track that spirals from the center of the disc to the edge • Track is divided into evenly sized sectors Page 371 Figure 7-27 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  17. Other Types of Storage Page 376 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  18. Other Types of Storage • Enterprise storage stores huge volumes of data and information for large businesses • Uses special hardware for heavy use, maximum availability, and maximum efficiency Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 7, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Enterprise Storage below Chapter 7 Page 379 Figure 7-39 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 7

  19. System Software • System softwareconsists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices Page 398 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  20. Operating Systems • An operating system(OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources Pages 398 - 399 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  21. Operating Systems Pages 398 – 399 Figure 8-1 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  22. Operating System Functions • The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting Page 400 Figure 8-2 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  23. Operating System Functions • A user interfacecontrols how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen • With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images Pages 402 – 403 Figure 8-4 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  24. Operating System Functions • With a command-line interface, a user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions Page 403 Figure 8-5 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  25. Operating System Functions • How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity Pages 404 - 405 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  26. Embedded Operating Systems • An embedded operating systemresides on a ROM chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device Pages 418 - 420 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  27. Embedded Operating Systems Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click iPhone OS below Chapter 8 Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Blackberry below Chapter 8 Pages 419 – 421 Figures 8-22 – 8-26 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  28. Utility Programs • A utility programis a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks Page 421 Figure 8-27 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  29. Utility Programs • A file manageris a utility that performs functions related to file management • Displaying a list of files • Organizing files in folders • Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders • Creating shortcuts Page 422 Figure 8-28 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  30. Utility Programs • A search utilityis a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify Page 422 Figure 8-29 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  31. Utility Programs • An image viewerallows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file • An uninstaller removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files Page 423 Figure 8-30 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  32. Utility Programs • A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files • Downloaded programfiles • Temporary Internetfiles • Deleted files • Unused programfiles Page 423 Figure 8-31 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  33. Utility Programs • A disk defragmenterreorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster • Defragmenting Pages 423 – 424 Figure 8-32 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  34. Utility Programs • A backup utilityallows users to copy files to another storage medium • A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form Page 424 Figure 8-33 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  35. Utility Programs • A screen saver causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time • A personal firewall detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions Page 425 Figures 8-34 – 8-35 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

  36. Communications • Computer communications describes a process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, instructions, and information Page 460 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  37. Communications Pages 460 – 461 Figure 9-1 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  38. Uses of Computer Communications • A global positioning system(GPS) is a navigation system that consists of one or more earth-based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to determine the GPS receiver’s geographic location • GPS receivers are: Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 9, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click GPSbelow Chapter 9 Page 466 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  39. Uses of Computer Communications • Collaboration software includes tools that enable users to share documents via online meetings and communicate with other connected users Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 9, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Microsoft Groovebelow Chapter 9 Page 468 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  40. Networks • A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media • Advantages of a network include: Pages 470 - 471 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  41. Networks • A local area network(LAN) is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area • A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a LAN that uses no physical wires Page 472 Figures 9-10 – 9-11 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  42. Networks • A metropolitan area network (MAN) connects LANs in a metropolitan area • A wide area network (WAN) is a network that covers a large geographical area Page 473 Figure 9-12 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  43. Networks • The design of computers, devices, and media on a network is sometimes called the network architecture Client/server network Peer-to-peer network Pages 473 – 474 Figures 9-13 – 9-14 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  44. Networks • A network topologyrefers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communications network Star network Bus network Ring network Pages 475 – 477 Figures 9-16 – 9-18 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  45. Networks Page 477 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 9

  46. Databases, Data, and Information Page 514 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 10

  47. Databases, Data, and Information • Database software,often called a databasemanagement system(DBMS), allows users to: Page 515 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 10

  48. Databases, Data, and Information • Data integrity identifies the quality of the data • Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) points out the accuracy of a computer’s output depends on the accuracy of the input Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 10, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Data Integritybelow Chapter 10 Page 516 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 10

  49. Databases, Data, and Information • Valuable information should have the following characteristics: Pages 516 - 517 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 10

  50. The Hierarchy of Data • Data is organized in layers • Files, records, fields, characters Page 517 Figure 10-2 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 10

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