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The Government of the Republic

The Government of the Republic. Chapter 10 Section 2. Principles of the Roman Government. Roman government combined aristocratic, democratic and monarchial type governments. The Roman government was structured on a constitution, it was oral (not written).

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The Government of the Republic

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  1. The Government of the Republic Chapter 10 Section 2

  2. Principles of the Roman Government • Roman government combined aristocratic, democratic and monarchial type governments. • The Roman government was structured on a constitution, it was oral (not written). • They created a government with 3 main parts so that one part/person got too much power. • Romans didn’t elect 1 top leader. They elected 2 leaders called consuls (they held equal power) and they only served for 1 year.

  3. Had 3 branches of government; assemblies, the senate, and the magistrates. • Each branch had their own power and had the power to over rule the other branches. • The rule of law was that the law applied to everyone.

  4. Roman Citizens • Only free men were citizens of the Roman Republic. • The symbol of a citizen was the toga which only a citizen could wear. • Had the right to a trial, the right to vote, the responsibility to serve in the army if they could afford their own armor.

  5. 2 orders of citizens- • Patricians were the oldest, wealthiest families in Rome. Usually controlled all government offices in the early days of Rome. • Plebeians were the majority of Romans. Most were common farmers or artisans, however some were wealthy. • The Plebeians forced the Patricians to open political offices to them by having a strike. They refused to fight in a war until they got their way.

  6. The Assemblies • The Assemblies was the democratic part of the government. • All adult men could participate, through voting, but the votes of the wealthy counted more than those of the poor. • They passed laws and elected officials.

  7. The Senate • The part of Roman government that was like an oligarchy. • Made up of the wealthiest and best-known older Romans. • Chosen by an official called a censor, they didn’t represent the people. They were supposed to guide the state. • Were thought to be wiser than other citizens. • Advised the assemblies and the magistrates. • Advise was almost always followed. • Ran foreign policy and decided how to spend Rome’s money. • The most powerful part of Rome’s government.

  8. Magistrates • The power of the magistrates made them almost like monarchs. • Wealthy men, from elite families, where politics was a key part of life. • Politicians moved from lower to higher offices. This path was called the Path of Honors. • Quaestors-Kept track of public money, assisted other officials. • Tribunes of the Plebs- Represented the plebeians, vetoed laws & actions of other officials. • Aediles- Maintained city buildings & services like water supply & held celebrations. • Preators-Judged cases, led armies, governed the city of Rome. • Consuls-Led the state and military

  9. Magistrates and the Senate

  10. The Roman Example The American constitution was based heavily on the Roman government. For example: Differences: America has a written constitution. America practices representative democracy, not direct. Women can participate in government and there are no slaves. • Similarities: • American citizens can vote and hold office • American government has 3 branches with separate powers. • Rule of law applies to all Americans. • Like Tribunes the President can veto laws. • The US has a Senate.

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