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Electric Charge

Electric Charge. Spectra of Science Amole 2013. Vocabulary. Electric Charge- an electrical property of matter that creates electric and magnetic forces and interactions Electric Field- a region in space around a charged object

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Electric Charge

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  1. Electric Charge Spectra of Science Amole 2013

  2. Vocabulary Electric Charge-an electrical property of matter that creates electric and magnetic forces and interactions Electric Field-a region in space around a charged object Electrical Force-the force of attraction or repulsion between objects due to charge Current-the rate electric charges move through a conductor Resistance-the opposition posed by a material or a device to the flow of electrons Conductor -a material that can carry an electrical current in which charges move freely Insulator-a material that does not transfer current easily

  3. What causes electric forces? + - 0 • All matter is made of atoms • Atoms contain: • Protons- Positive • Electrons- Negative • Neutrons- Neutral/ No charge • An unequal amount of (+) and (-) makes a material “charged”

  4. What gives matter an electric charge? + - + + - - Objects with opposite charges (one negative, one positive) will attract each other. Objects with like charges (both negative or both positive) will repel each other.

  5. How do objects become charged? (+) and (0) are relatively fixed in the nucleus, but (-) in the outer parts of atom can be transferred between objects. If the nucleus were a size of a marble, the whole atom is the size of a football stadium

  6. How do objects become charged? • Charging by friction • rubbing or sliding • Charging by contact • touching • Induced charge • Charge brought near object • Pg. 532-533

  7. What affects electric force? + - • Charge • More charge = greater force • Distance • Greater distance = weaker force • Does not require contact due to their electric field

  8. Charge Demos Balloons: -rub hair -wall -other balloon -plasma ball

  9. What is a circuit? A set of electrical components that supply one or more paths for movement of charges Open- incomplete/broken path Closed- complete/continuous path

  10. What is current and resistance? Current: The rate that electric charges move through a conductor Resistance: opposition posed to a circuit

  11. What is a series and parallel circuit? • Series- same loop • All resistors on same loop experience same amount of current • Parallel- multiple loops • current splits up among the loops with the individual loop currents adding to the total current

  12. Build a Circuit Open Circuit Closed Circuit Series Circuit - 1 bulb - 2 bulb Parallel Circuit

  13. What are conductors and insulators? Conductor – a material in which charges move freely and can carry not electric current Insulator - a material in which charges cannot move freely and does not easily carry electric current

  14. Conductors and Insulators Build simple series circuit Test: - paperclip - penny - nickel - foil - index card - wood stick - string - plastic stick

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