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Comprehensive Review of Key Periodic Table Concepts and Trends

This review covers essential concepts related to the periodic table, including the classification of elements, ion charges, trends in atomic radius, electronegativity, and first ionization energy. It highlights the properties of metals and nonmetals, the arrangement of elements based on atomic number, and the distinctions between groups and periods. Notable references to historical figures in chemistry, such as Dmitri Mendeleev and Henry Moseley, are included. This guide serves as an effective study aid for students preparing for chemistry exams or seeking a deeper understanding of elemental properties and periodic trends.

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Comprehensive Review of Key Periodic Table Concepts and Trends

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  1. Periodic Table Review

  2. Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, UWhich of the above elements is a noble gas? • He, Xe

  3. What is the charge of the following ion: Lead IV • +4 (Roman numeral tells you the positive charge)

  4. What are group 1 elements called? • Alkali Metals

  5. How did HenryMoseley arrange elements on the Periodic Table? • Increasing atomic NUMBER

  6. Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.Li, O, C, F, N • Li, C, N, O, F

  7. What is the charge of the following ion: sodium • +1 (b/c it is in group 1)

  8. State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for first ionization energy. • DECREASES

  9. Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.Mg, Cl, Na, P • Na, Mg, P, Cl

  10. ________ is the measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons. Electronegativity

  11. What is the ending of all monatomic anions? • ide

  12. Suppose lithium formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a lithium ion have? • Li+1 (lost 1 e-) • 3protons & 2 electrons

  13. Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Which of the above elements is a alkaline earth metal? • Ca

  14. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasingfirst ionization energy: Mg, Ba, Be • Be, Mg, Ba

  15. What group of elements are considered the most stable? • Noble Gases

  16. State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for electronegativity. • DECREASES

  17. Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.Po, Se, O • O, Se, Po

  18. _____________ is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. • first ionization energy

  19. where would you find elements with similar properties? Group or Period • GROUP

  20. Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.Li, Rb, K, Na • Rb, K, Na, Li

  21. List 4 properties of metals. • Luster • Good conductors of electricity • Ductile • Malleable • High Melting points • Solid, except Hg is a liquid • Lose electrons

  22. State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for first ionization energy. • INCREASES

  23. What is the atomic number of nickel? • 28

  24. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasingfirst ionization energy: Li, O, C, K, Ne, F • Ne, F, O, C, Li, K

  25. 1. How did DmitriMendeleev arrange elements on the Periodic Table? • Increasing atomic MASS

  26. What is the charge of the following ion: bromide • -1 (b/c it is in group 17)

  27. What is the name of the Cl-1 ion? • ChlorIDE

  28. State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for atomic radius. • DECREASES

  29. What is the difference between a group and a period? List the number of groups and period. • Group = columns (#1-18) • Periods = rows (#1-7)

  30. What element is in group 2 and period 2? • Be

  31. How are the elements arranged on the Periodic Table today? • Increasing atomic NUMBER

  32. What is an anion? Explain how they are formed. • Anion = negative ion b/c electron(s) were GAINED

  33. What is the atomic mass of lithium? • 6.941 amu

  34. Where are the most active metals located? • Lower left corner of group 1 (Fr)

  35. The majority of elements in the periodic table are (metals or nonmetals). • Metals

  36. Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, UWhich of the following is a rare earth metal? • U

  37. What is the charge of the following ion: aluminum • +3 (b/c it is in group 13)

  38. What element is in group 7 and period 4? • Mn

  39. What is the charge of the following ion: magnesium • +2 (b/c it is in group 2)

  40. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasingfirst ionization energy: Li, B, Rb, F, C • F, C, B, Li, Rb

  41. Suppose nitrogen formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a nitrogen ion have? • N-3 (gains 3e-) • 7 protons & 10electrons

  42. Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, UWhich of the above elements is a non-metal? • P, S, Cl, He, I, Xe

  43. State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for electronegativity. • INCREASES

  44. What is the atomic number of bromine? • 35

  45. Where are metalloids used? • Electronics- computers, calculators

  46. Group 17 elements are called? • Halogens

  47. List 4 properties of nonmetals. • No Luster • Not good conductors of electricity • Not Ductile • Not Malleable • Low Melting points • Gain electrons

  48. Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.Ga, Br, Ra, Ca • Br, Ga, Ca, Ra

  49. Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Which of the above elements is an alkali metal? • Li

  50. _____________ is half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms joined in a molecule. • atomic radius

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