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Day 1

Day 1. Bell Ringer! What would you do if you were a slave who was now free? Make a list of at least 3 things - What are your hopes? - What are your fears?. Freedmen’s Bureau. What did African-Americans want following an end to slavery?.

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Day 1

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  1. Day 1

  2. Bell Ringer!What would you do if you were a slave who was now free?Make a list of at least 3 things- What are your hopes?- What are your fears?

  3. Freedmen’s Bureau

  4. What did African-Americans want following an end to slavery? • Move! Leave plantations, find lost relatives, find jobs, travel “just because” they now could!! • Establish independent black communities • Churches, schools • Marriage • Pursue an Education • Freedmen’s Schools • By 1869 more than 150,000 students were attending 3,000 schools • By the end of Reconstruction about 10% of the South’s African-American population could read

  5. Land! • Freed people really wanted to own land – why? • General William T. Sherman made a suggestion: • That abandoned Southern land should be split into 40-acre parcels and given to freedmen • This turned into a rumor that freedmen were going to get “40 acres and a mule” • Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner pushed for land reform but most Congressmen were against the plan

  6. SHARECROPPING

  7. Primary source analysis Jourdon Anderson letter • Speaker • Ex-slave from Tennessee • Occasion • 1865 – end of Civil War and slavery, African-Americans in need of work, former slaveholders need new workers • Audience • Colonel P.H.Anderson (his ex-master) letter also published in newspaper • Purpose • replying to Anderson request to have him come back to work for him • Significance • illustrates labor needs of ex-slave owners and position of freed African-Americans

  8. Day2

  9. 15th amendment – right to vote? • What criticism does the following cartoon make about access to the voting booth?

  10. Discouraging the vote: Grandfather clause,Literacy tests and poll taxes…oh my!

  11. More on the tests… • Administrators of test were white locals who had complete discretion over what questions were and who would pass and fail • Some questions had no “right” answer, and some were extremely difficult even for the most educated to answer • EX: Name all 60 county judges in the state! • Exempt if you could prove your grandfather had the right to vote “Grandfather Clause” • (Obviously ex-slaves could not prove this!)

  12. How would you do? • Real questions taken from Alabama state literacy test • To “pass” you must get at least 7 of the 10 correct • If the majority of your classmates pass the test you will be allowed to vote on whether you want HW or not • GOOD LUCK! 

  13. HW? Please vote for one! • Sería mejor no tener tarea esta noche • It would be best not to have homework tonight • Me encantaría tarea esta noche • I would love HW tonight • No me importa de cualquier manera, vamos a elegir la señora Bernardini • It doesn’t matter to me either way, let Mrs. Bernardini choose

  14. Day 3

  15. Bell Ringer • What is an amendment? • What were the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments? • 13 – end slavery • 14 – civil rights • 15 – voting rights • How were African-Americans disenfranchised (kept from voting) despite the 15th amendment? • Grandfather clause • Literacy tests • Poll taxes • When did many of these restrictions to voting finally end? • 1965 - Voting Rights Act

  16. Birth of the Ku kluxklan

  17. Kkk • Vigilante hate group begun in South following the end of Reconstruction • Wanted to restore white supremacy by threats and violence, including murder, against free black population and their allies

  18. Adopted masks and robes to hide their identities • Anti-Klan bill passed during Grant’s Administration would help to put a stop to some of the violence for a limited time

  19. Rise of the new klan • Membership grows under Wilson administration (1913-1921) and then again during Civil Rights movement (1950s – 1960s) • Burning of the cross introduced to intimidate and as a symbol “to illuminate” their Christian fellowship

  20. “Strange Fruit” • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-KLl-vrH6Sc • What is the “fruit” the song refers to?

  21. “Strange Fruit” – Billy holiday (1939) • Southern trees bear a strange fruitBlood on the leaves and blood at the rootBlack bodies swingin' in the Southern breezeStrange fruit hangin' from the poplar treesPastoral scene of the gallant SouthThe bulgin' eyes and the twisted mouthScent of magnolias sweet and freshThen the sudden smell of burnin' fleshHere is a fruit for the crows to pluckFor the rain to gatherFor the wind to suckFor the sun to rotFor the tree to dropHere is a strange and bitter crop

  22. Ida b. Wells (1862-1931) • African-American journalist and activist • First crusader against lynching • Worked closely with Du Bois to found the NAACP

  23. Hate groups today • Web Quest! • www.splcenter.org

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