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WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?

WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?. WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?. In particular: 1) The Sun , our source of energy. 2) The Earth , which must ultimately lose the energy it receives, or get warmer.

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WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?

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  1. WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?

  2. WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?

    In particular: 1) The Sun, our source of energy. 2) The Earth, which must ultimately lose the energy it receives, or get warmer.

  3. WHAT LAWS GOVERN THE QUANTITY AND TYPES OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN OBJECT?

    In particular: 1) The Sun, our source of energy. 2) The Earth, which must ultimately lose the energy it receives, or get warmer. TWO BASIC QUESTIONS: HOW MUCH ENERGY? WHAT TYPE OF ENERGY?
  4. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: Electromagnetic Radiation generated by the vibration of molecules of a substance. Average energy level (vibration) of the molecules in an object is determined by its temperature. Hotter objects - more vibration More vibration – more electromagnetic radiation Hot objects emit more radiation than cold objects.
  5. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: Electromagnetic radiation generated by the vibration of molecules of a substance. Average energy level (vibration) of the molecules in an object is determined by its temperature. Hotter objects - more vibration More vibration – more electromagnetic radiation Hot objects emit more radiation than cold objects.
  6. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: Electromagnetic radiation generated by the vibration of molecules of a substance. Average energy level (vibration) of the molecules in an object is determined by its temperature. Hotter objects - more vibration More vibration – more electromagnetic radiation Hot objects emit more radiation than cold objects.
  7. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: Electromagnetic radiation generated by the vibration of molecules of a substance. Average energy level (vibration) of the molecules in an object is determined by its temperature. Hotter objects - more vibration More vibration – more electromagnetic radiation Hot objects emit more radiation than cold objects.
  8. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: Electromagnetic radiation generated by the vibration of molecules of a substance. Average energy level (vibration) of the molecules in an object is determined by its temperature. Hotter objects - more vibration More vibration – more electromagnetic radiation Hot objects emit more radiation than cold objects.
  9. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: Electromagnetic radiation generated by the vibration of molecules of a substance. Average energy level (vibration) of the molecules in an object is determined by its temperature. Hotter objects - more vibration More vibration – more electromagnetic radiation “Hot objects emit more radiation than cold objects.”
  10. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant
  11. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant
  12. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant
  13. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant
  14. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy.
  15. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81
  16. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81 Δ Temp =1
  17. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =15
  18. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =15 Δ Temp =1
  19. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =15 Δ Temp =1
  20. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =15 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =65
  21. How Much Energy? Stefan-Boltzman’s Law: E = d.T4 E = Total energy emitted T = Surface temperature of the radiating object d = Stefan-Boltzman’s constant 5.86 x 10-8 (Don’t need to remember!) Hot objects emit a disproportionately large quantity of energy. 1x1x1x1 = 1 2x2x2x2 = 16 3x3x3x3 = 81 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =15 Δ Temp =1 Δ Energy =65
  22. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law Electro-magnetic radiation is emitted in a wave form as the nucleii vibrate. Waves are characterized by the distance between two consecutive wave peaks, their “wavelength”. Hot objects have a greater average energy level in their molecules. They vibrate more frequently, so the distance (time) between peaks becomes shorter. Hot objects emit most of their energy at short wavelengths, cool ones emit it at longer wavelengths
  23. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law Electro-magnetic radiation is emitted in a wave form as the nucleii vibrate. Waves are characterized by the distance between two consecutive wave peaks, their “wavelength”. Hot objects have a greater average energy level in their molecules. They vibrate more frequently, so the distance (time) between peaks becomes shorter. Hot objects emit most of their energy at short wavelengths, cool ones emit it at longer wavelengths
  24. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law Electro-magnetic radiation is emitted in a wave form as the nucleii vibrate. Waves are characterized by the distance between two consecutive wave peaks, their “wavelength”. Hot objects have a greater average energy level in their molecules. They vibrate more frequently, so the distance (time) between peaks becomes shorter. Hot objects emit most of their energy at short wavelengths, cool ones emit it at longer wavelengths
  25. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law Electro-magnetic radiation is emitted in a wave form as the nucleii vibrate. Waves are characterized by the distance between two consecutive wave peaks, their “wavelength”. Hot objects have a greater average energy level in their molecules. They vibrate more frequently, so the distance (time) between peaks becomes shorter. Hot objects emit most of their energy at short wavelengths, cool ones emit it at longer wavelengths
  26. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law Electro-magnetic radiation is emitted in a wave form as the nucleii vibrate. Waves are characterized by the distance between two consecutive wave peaks, their “wavelength”. Hot objects have a greater average energy level in their molecules. They vibrate more frequently, so the distance (time) between peaks becomes shorter. Hot objects emit most of their energy at short wavelengths, cool ones emit it at longer wavelengths
  27. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law Electro-magnetic radiation is emitted in a wave form as the nucleii vibrate. Waves are characterized by the distance between two consecutive wave peaks, their “wavelength”. Hot objects have a greater average energy level in their molecules. They vibrate more frequently, so the distance (time) between peaks becomes shorter. Hot objects emit most of their energy at short wavelengths, cool ones emit it at longer wavelengths.
  28. COOL MOLECULE
  29. Wavelength COOL MOLECULE
  30. Wavelength COOL MOLECULE HOT MOLECULE
  31. Wavelength COOL MOLECULE HOT MOLECULE
  32. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = T/2898 Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object.
  33. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object.
  34. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object.
  35. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object.
  36. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object. T = 289.8
  37. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object. T = 289.8 Wmax = 2898/289.8 = 10.0μ
  38. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object. T = 289.8 Wmax = 2898/289.8 = 10.0μ T = 1499
  39. What Type of Energy? Wein’s Law: Wmax = 2898/T Wmax = Wavelength at which an object emits the maximum quantity of its energy, but not exclusively so. T = Surface temperature of the radiating object. T = 289.8 Wmax = 2898/289.8 = 10.0μ T = 1499 Wmax = 2898/1499 = 2.0μ
  40. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun Earth
  41. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 Earth 280
  42. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 72.3x106 Earth 280
  43. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 72.3x106 Earth 280 360
  44. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 72.3x106 0.5 Earth 280 360
  45. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 72.3x106 0.5 Earth 280 360 10
  46. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 72.3x106 0.5 Earth 280 360 10 Short In
  47. SUN AND EARTH Surface Energy Wmax Temp (Wm-2) (μ) Sun 6000 72.3x106 0.5 Earth 280 360 10 Short In Long out
  48. Fahrenheit
  49. Water Freezes 32°F
  50. Water Freezes Water Boils 32°F 212°F
  51. Water Freezes Water Boils All Molecules Cease Vibrating -465°F 32°F 212°F
  52. Water Freezes Water Boils All Molecules Cease Vibrating Centigrade 100°C -273°C 0°C -465°F 32°F 212°F
  53. Water Freezes Water Boils All Molecules Cease Vibrating 100°C -273°C 0°C -465°F 32°F 212°F KELVIN (Absolute) 0°K E = d. 04 = 0 : No temp, no vibration, no energy
  54. Water Freezes Water Boils All Molecules Cease Vibrating 100°C -273°C 0°C -465°F 32°F 212°F KELVIN (Absolute) Centigrade increments 0°K
  55. Water Freezes Water Boils All Molecules Cease Vibrating + 273 100°C -273°C 0°C -465°F 32°F 212°F KELVIN (Absolute) Centigrade increments 0°K 273°K
  56. Water Freezes Water Boils All Molecules Cease Vibrating +100 100°C -273°C 0°C -465°F 32°F 212°F KELVIN (Absolute) Centigrade increments 0°K 273°K 373°K
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