1 / 13

UNIT 1/Chapter 2 NOTES

Dive into the basics of atoms, isotopes, chemical bonding, and the pH scale. Explore topics such as ionic bonds, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonding, and the significance of pH levels in the body. Understand how radioisotopes are used in cancer detection and treatment. Unravel the properties of water and its vital role in sustaining life. Discover the impact of shifts in pH on bodily functions and learn about factors that can cause these fluctuations.

lethia
Télécharger la présentation

UNIT 1/Chapter 2 NOTES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. UNIT 1/Chapter 2 NOTES

  2. Refresh your memory:

  3. ATOMS • Smallest particles unique to each element • Consists of: • Protons • = Atomic Number • Neutrons • = Atomic # - Atomic Mass • Electrons • = Protons

  4. Isotopes • Variant forms of Atoms • Atoms that vary in neutron numbers • Example: • Carbon has 3 • Our body’s cells can use any isotope for metabolic activities • Radioisotopes • Have an unstable nucleus and become more stabilized by spontaneously emitting energy and particles.

  5. Radioisotopes and Cancer • Are used for PET scans to track abnormal cells and their metabolic activity. • Also used in radiation therapy.

  6. Chemical Bonds • Ionic Bonds • Covalent Bonds • Hydrogen Bonds

  7. Ionic Bonds • A bond of 2 or more ions that have opposing charges. • Example: NaCl

  8. Covalent Bonds • Atoms that share a pair of electrons • Can be polar or nonpolar • Example: H2, O2, N2

  9. Hydrogen Bonding • A weak covalent bond between an electronegative atom and a Hydrogen Atom • Example: H20, DNA

  10. Properties of H2O • Hydrogen bond in H20 gives it life-sustaining properties. • Important part of life: • Temperature-stabilizing effects • Cohesion • Capillary Action

  11. pH Scale • Acid = 0-6.9 • Base = 7.1-14 • Neutral = 7 • Based on the concentrations of Hydrogen Ions (H+) & Hydroxide Ions (OH-) • The greater the H+ concentration, the lower the pH

  12. Spicy Food Anyone? • How does an antacid work when we eat spicy food and develop an upset stomach?

  13. Tonight’s Homework • The pH of our blood is between 7.3-7.5. If it declines to 7 it can lead to a coma or if there is an increase in pH (to 7.8) it can lead to tetany.What are different factors that can cause a shift (increase or decrease) in pH in our blood?

More Related