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Evolution of Pottery Part 2

Evolution of Pottery Part 2. The Iron Age About 900 BC to 1300 BC *bronze had previously been used to make tools *development of higher temperature smelting techniques resulted in tools and weapons made of iron and steel.

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Evolution of Pottery Part 2

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  1. Evolution of Pottery Part 2

  2. The Iron AgeAbout 900 BC to 1300 BC*bronze had previously been used to make tools *development of higher temperature smelting techniques resulted in tools and weapons made of iron and steel.

  3. *steel was too difficult to produce *wrought iron is easy to use*less expensive *easily sharpened

  4. Olmec Culture Middle America1200 BC- 500 BC*eastern gulf coast of Mexico*one of the earliest civilizations in pre-Columbian Central America (Pre-columbian means the time in the Americas before European influence, generally before 1500AD)

  5. Olmecs made *stone sculptures *clay figurines depicting were-jaguars (half human, half jaguar) *baby figures (believed to be earthly forms of gods)

  6. Olmec were-jaguar

  7. Chavin CultureSouth America 1100 BC-400 BC*made a whistle jar (whistled when the contents of the jar was poured out)

  8. *also made a stirrup vessel. (all pots used in funeral ceremonies and buried with the dead)

  9. Middle East: Azerbaijan900 BC-500 BCEarliest Lead Glaze*extended color range in glaze was achieved when lead was introduced into glaze formulas *Black, red, green, purple, yellow and white*Lead is toxic*should not be used on pottery because it can leach into food and beverages

  10. Classic Greek Pottery1000 BC-300 BC

  11. *Ancient Greeks used black slip *they painted heroic and mythical figures on a red clay background*they controlled the amount of _________ in the kiln(answer next slide)

  12. Answer: oxygen

  13. *negative shapes were painted with black slip *figures (positive shapes) remained the color of the clay

  14. Italy 700 BC- 400 BC*they made brilliant colored life-sized figures *decorated their temples and sarcophagi

  15. Middle EastTin+Lead Glazes600 BC*potters painted a tin+lead white glaze background on red tiles then painted decorations *walls and buildings were decorated with beautiful tiles *later, they drew raised lines with slip, which kept the glaze colors from running into each other

  16. Africa Terra Cotta Sculpture300 BC- 1400 AD*Africans developed great skill with clay *they made full-sized human figures

  17. Xi-an, China Terra Cotta Army*for Emperor Qin’s imperial tomb*246-210BC*made by 700,000 Chinese workers in factory *8000 clay soldiers (all different) *130 chariots, 670 horses*discovered underground in 1974

  18. China, Han Dynasty206 BC- 221 AD*Mingqui (tomb pottery) was produced *models of family, servants, buildings, farm animals*made to accompany the deceased to the spirit world.

  19. Han Dynasty “Fowling Tower”

  20. Korea57 BC- 935 AD*ash-glazed stoneware *lead-glazed earthenware

  21. South America100- 700 ADMochica potters made ceremonial pots*recorded historical and mythological events *narrated their life and customs

  22. China 200 AD*discovery of leadless glaze *required high temperature firing.

  23. The Roman Empire200 BC- 476 AD*mass production, large kilns*bricks, roof tiles, ceramic floor tiles, decorative ornaments

  24. Next:the The Dark Agesin Western EuropeEvolution III

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