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Evolution of Music: Part 1

Evolution of Music: Part 1. by Dr. Jon K. Loessin Wharton County Junior College. Gregorian Chants.

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Evolution of Music: Part 1

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  1. Evolution of Music: Part 1 by Dr. Jon K. Loessin Wharton County Junior College

  2. Gregorian Chants • *The roots of the Gregorgian music can be found in the third millennium BC. This is confirmed by archaeological findings, such as three-hole pipe made of swan shin bone. In the ancient period 7 hole-pipes, lyres, bag-pipes, banduras, drums etc. were already in use. • *Gregorgian sacred and secular music has a rich and complex history, relatively little of which is documented in any depth in English. Very strikingly, Gregorgian music uses an ancient system of polyphony, usually in three parts, and a unique tuning system conceived outside of what the western ear is used to. It makes a great use of parallel motion and dissonance (and usually ending in a unison pitch). Therefore, you are hearing tone pairings that speak a different musical vocabulary. • Populus Sion

  3. Gothic Era Music • Gothic—A term often used to refer to the late middle ages (a.d. 1100-1450) • Examples: • Organum Viderunt omnes (abt. 1160) Roman de Fauvel (abt.1250)

  4. Music of the Royal Courts: The Renaissance Period • 13th-16 centuries • Composers include Giovanni Palestrina and William Byrd • French, German, Italian, and Spanish courts

  5. The Baroque Period: 17th Century • --Birth of “modern” music for the era • --Represented an awakening in musical composition • --Sophistication and repetition of harmony through an aesthetic emotional method • Composers include Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) , Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750), and Georg Frideric Handel (1685-1759)

  6. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) MAJOR COMPOSITIONS: The Brandenburg Concertos ; Concertos for Violin

  7. George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) MAJOR COMPOSITIONS: Messiah; Arrival of the Queen of Sheba ; Love in Bath ; Water Music

  8. The Classical Period: 18th Century • Composers included the great • master composers like Wolfgang • Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791 • Austria) and • Ludwig von • Beethoven (1770-1827 • Germany)

  9. Beethoven and Mozart Beethoven Compositions include: Symphony No. 5, No. 9, and Für Elise Mozart’s works include: Eine kleine Nachtmusik and Turkish March

  10. The Romantic Period:Dominated the 19th Century • Divided into the early romantic, romantic, and late romantic periods, but dominated by the music of the German composer Richard Wagner (1813-1883) with pieces like The Ride of the Valkyries

  11. Other Romantic Period Composers • Franz Schubert (1797-1828) • Frederik Chopin (1810-49) • Johann Strauss II (1825-99) • Johannes Brahms (1833-97) • Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-93) • --The Sleeping Beauty… • The 19th century also witnessed the Post-Romantic (like Gustav Mahler), Modern Romantic (like Sergei Rachmaninov) , and Expressionist composers (like Maurice Ravel)

  12. Maurice Ravel (1875-1937) • Ravel became famous for what some say is the most sensual and erotic musical composition of all time: Bolero • It is so synonymous with Ravel it is usually referred to as Ravel’s Bolero • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7ZBzIXoJDM

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