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BELL QUIZ: Use pages 602-608 of your textbook

BELL QUIZ: Use pages 602-608 of your textbook. Name the leader of the Soviet Union AND the leader of the U.S. at the conclusion of WWII. What peacekeeping organization was created on June 26, 1945? List the 6 Soviet satellite nations established in Eastern Europe as communist countries.

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BELL QUIZ: Use pages 602-608 of your textbook

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  1. BELL QUIZ: Use pages 602-608 of your textbook • Name the leader of the Soviet Union AND the leader of the U.S. at the conclusion of WWII. • What peacekeeping organization was created on June 26, 1945? • List the 6 Soviet satellite nations established in Eastern Europe as communist countries. • Define “Cold War.” • How many Soviets died in WWII?

  2. BELL QUIZ ANSWERS • Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) and Harry Truman (U.S.) • United Nations • Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Poland (THE IRON CURTAIN). • Cold War=State of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII. • 20 million soviets died in WWII.

  3. BELL QUIZ: USE PAGES 605-608 • What policy did the U.S. enact in 1946 in an attempt to block communism from expanding into other countries? 2) Why did the U.S. give $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece from 1947-1950? 3) Which two countries received the most aid under the Marshall Plan? 4) How many flights were flown into West Berlin to drop 2.3 million tons of food to the civilians? 5) What pledge did the 12 members of NATO take?

  4. BELL QUIZ ANSWERS • Containment • The U.S. wanted to help the post war economies of Greece and Turkey and avoid a communist takeover. • Great Britain and France. • 277,000 flights in 327 days. • Pledged to provide military support to one another. An attack against one would be an attack against them all.

  5. Objectives The Student Will (TSW)… • Explain the breakdown of relations between the U.S. and Soviet Union after WWII. • Summarize the steps taken to contain Soviet influence. • Describe how the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plans deepened Cold War tensions. • Explain how conflicts over Germany increased fear of Soviet aggression.

  6. Essential Questions Why did the United States and the Soviet Union become enemies after World War Two? How did this impact the two nations and the rest of the World?

  7. Big Idea The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union influenced the people, government, and diplomacy with nations throughout the World.

  8. Anticipatory Set • What happens when 2 people stop being friendly because of conflicting personalities or ideas? • Could the same situation happen between 2 countries?

  9. COLD WAR 1945-1992 Definition: the state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII.

  10. You Tube Videos • “The Cold War-Part 1: From World War to Cold War” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpYCplyBknI&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active • Make a list of events that caused mistrust and/or dislike between the U.S. and Russia

  11. Soviet Union and U.S. mistrust • The Soviets and the Americans mistrusted each other even though they were allies in WWII. WHY? • Soviets upset about not being invited to Treaty of Versailles (peace treaty ending WWI). • Soviets were stripped of their colonies in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. • Soviets resent the U.S. delay in attacking Germany in Europe. (didn’t happen until June 6, 1944) • Soviets find out that we secretly developed the atomic bomb. U.S. drops 2 A-Bombs on Japan. • U.S. worried that spreading communism to America would result in loss of private property, constitutional rights, and a free enterprise economic system.

  12. What is Communism? • Theory: • The Social class with the economic power also had social and political power. • There are 2 classes of people in every society: The “Haves” and the “Have-Nots”. Capitalists (Haves): own capital-land, money, and machinery. Workers: (Have-Nots): own only their labor.

  13. Communism • In 1919 Vladimir Lenin led the successful Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, installing communism. • Communism: A) economic and political system based on a 1 party government ruled by a dictatorship. B) Private Property is confiscated and turned over to the state to equalize power and wealth. C) Government own all factories and businesses, controlling production and prices.

  14. You Tube Video • Communism Explained Temp File for Marxim Lesson (Communism Explained) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d4EkeBd1VE&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  15. 2 Minute Writing w/ Partner • Were both superpowers justified in being suspicious with each other during WWII? • Why or why not?

  16. Partner Up: Use pages 764-769 to answer the following questions • What happened at Potsdam? 2) What was the essence of the disagreement between the U.S. and Soviet Union in Europe? 3) What was the Truman Doctrine and Marshal Plan? 4) What caused the Iron Curtain to descend? 5) How did the allies get supplies to West Berlin?

  17. UNITED NATIONS (UN) • On June 26, 1945, the representatives of 50 nations sign a charter in San Francisco establishing a peace keeping organization similar, but stronger, to the League of Nations. • Headquarters are in NYC. • 5 nations have veto power: U.S., Soviet Union, China, Great Britain, and France.

  18. POTSDAM CONFERENCE • The Big 3: Stalin (Soviet Union), Truman (U.S.), and Clement Attlee (Great Britain) meet in June 1945 at the final wartime conference. • Stalin promises to allow free elections in all European countries currently occupied by Soviet military forces. • He lied. By July all Eastern European countries had communist governments w/out elections ever beingheld.

  19. THE IRON CURTAIN • Truman’s post WWII goal was to spread democracy to all nations. • Stalin wanted a buffer zone between them and Western Europe to be free from future invasions. • Stalin also wanted to rebuild his economy by taking raw materials from Eastern Europe.

  20. SATELLITE NATIONS • The 8 Eastern European communist nations dominated by the Soviet Union were: East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Albania, and Czechoslovakia. • The “Iron Curtain” is the imaginary wall separating West and East Europe (Democracy vs. Communism).

  21. THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE • In 1947, President Truman gives $400 million in economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey. • Wanted to help them rebuild after WWII and “support free peoples who are resisting communist takeovers.”

  22. 2 Minute Writing w/ Partner • What was the essence of the disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union in Europe?

  23. GEORGE KENNAN AND CONTAINMENT • In February 1946 the U.S. implemented the policy of containment. • Containment= attempt to block communism from expanding into other countries by using any possible means.

  24. THE MARSHALL PLAN • The U.S. (proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall) gives $13 billion in aid to 16 European countries that were devastated by WWII. • Purpose: 1-fight against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. 2-keep Western European countries from becoming communist.

  25. ALLIED OCCUPATION OF GERMANY • At the conclusion of WWII Germany had been divided in half. • The Soviet Union occupied the eastern half. The U.S., Great Britain, and France occupied the western half. • Berlin, the capital, was also divided in half even though it was located in the Soviet occupied eastern region. Soviets controlled East Berlin.

  26. BERLIN AIRLIFT • In June 1948, Stalin closes all highways and railroads into West Berlin from West Germany. • No food or fuel can get into the city. • 2.1 million residents only had enough food and supplies to last 5 weeks. • Stalin is trying to starve the citizens into joining sides with the communist.

  27. 2 Minute Writing w/ Partner • What actions in Europe caused Stalin to close access to Berlin?

  28. THE BERLIN AIRLIFT • The United States and Great Britain broke the blockade by flying 2.3 million tons of food and supplies in to West Berlin on 277,000 flights in 327 days. That’s 847 flights per day!! • The U.S. was daring the Soviets to shoot down the planes. They didn’t, so the Soviets looked “soft” to the world. • The U.S. were the “good guys” and the “heroes.”

  29. NATO • The North Atlantic Treaty Organization: 10 Western European countries form a defensive treaty with the U.S. and Canada to protect against communism invasions and takeovers. *Belgium, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal. *Maintains 500,000 troops and thousands of planes, tanks, and other equipment.

  30. 2 Minute Writing/ w Partner How were the United States and the Soviet Union different?

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