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Respiratory System

Respiratory System. Take a deep breath and relax. Structure. Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Alveoli Lungs. Nose- lined with mucous membranes. Air is warmed, filter and moistened Pharynx or throat- 3 sections: upper, middle and lower. Esophagus branches off here

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System Take a deep breath and relax

  2. Structure • Nose • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi • Alveoli • Lungs

  3. Nose- lined with mucous membranes. Air is warmed, filter and moistened • Pharynx or throat- 3 sections: upper, middle and lower. Esophagus branches off here • Larynx- voicebox. Epiglottis closes the opening during swallowing • Trachea- windpipe, lined with c-shaped cartilaginous rings

  4. Bronchi (singular bronchus)- left and right • Bronchioles- smaller divisions of the bronchi • Bronchioles end in small air sacs called alveoli • 500 million alveoli- one sqamous cell layer thick

  5. Lungs: 2 unequal lobes • Covered in a membrane called the pleura

  6. Breathing = ventilation • Two stages: inspiration and experation • Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, thoracic cavity enlarges

  7. External respiration: exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and bloodstream • Internal respiration: exchange of CO2 and O2 between cells and bloodstream

  8. Asthma • Bronchitis • COPD- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease • Emphysema • Influenza • Laryngitis • Lung cancer • Tuberculosis

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