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Understanding Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy: Sources, Advantages, and Disadvantages

Explore the concepts of renewable and nonrenewable energy sources, including coal, natural gas, petroleum, nuclear fission, and various forms of renewable energy such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biofuels. This overview covers how we acquire and utilize energy, providing a balanced view of the advantages and disadvantages of each energy source, their environmental impacts, and their role in addressing our energy needs. Discover the significance of ecological footprints and the ongoing transition towards sustainable energy solutions.

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Understanding Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy: Sources, Advantages, and Disadvantages

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  1. DO NOW 1. Turn in your ecological footprint activity. 2. How do we get and use energy?

  2. How do we make electricity?*

  3. Definitions • Renewable Energy • A resource that can be replenished as it is consumed • Nonrenewable Energy • A resource that cannot be replenished as it is consumed

  4. Examples Renewable Energy Nonrenewable Energy Coal Natural Gas Petroleum (oil) Nuclear Fission • Sun (Solar Energy) • Water • Wood • Wind • Biomass (Biofuel) • Geothermal • Ocean Tides

  5. In 2000: Energy in US comprised of (Yes- I am aware they don’t add up- close enough) Oil and Natural Gas 63% Coal 23% Nuclear 8.2% Hydropower 3.1%

  6. Natural Gas • Methane – piped into homes and offices • Use for heating, cooking, washing & drying

  7. Natural Gas Advantages • Cleanest burning Fossil Fuel (few pollutants when burned) • Available in the U.S.

  8. Natural Gas Disadvantage • Contributes to greenhouse effect • EXPLOSION!

  9. Petroleum (Oil) • Black thick liquid pumped from below earth’s surface • Refined • - separates the gasoline (used for transportation) and uses remaining for other products (rubber, detergents, fertilizer)

  10. Petroleum (Oil) Advantages • Maximize amount of gas and oil obtained • Wide variety of uses

  11. Petroleum (Oil) Disadvantage • Increases greenhouse gases • Acid Rain • Ground Level Ozone

  12. Coal • Most Abundant Fossil Fuel • 1/3 of coal in US from Appalachian Coal Region • Used for electricity

  13. Coal Advantages • Can be found in many places around the world • Easy to use • Cheap

  14. Coal Disadvantage • Not as widely used • Cost of mining • Pollution • Mining Changes environment • Releases Greenhouse Gases

  15. Nuclear Fission* • Splitting of uranium atom • Releases A LOT of heat energy • Used to make electricity

  16. Nuclear Fission

  17. Nuclear Fission Advantages* • 1/5 US electricity • Produce NO carbon dioxide • Small amount of Uranium = A LOT of energy

  18. Nuclear Fission Disadvantage • Radioactive waste products • Meltdowns • Radiation exposure to workers • Mining and refining Uranium takes a lot of energy

  19. Sun (Solar Energy)* • Sun’s rays (solar radiation) reaching earth • Converted to heat or electricity • TYPES • Direct Solar • PV Cells

  20. Solar Energy Advantages • Cleanest Energy Source (no air pollution)

  21. Solar Energy Disadvantage • Amount of sunlight is not consistent • A large surface area is required to collect enough energy • Expensive

  22. Wind Power • Unequal heating of earth produces wind • Converted into mechanical energy  electricity • Winds over 8mph used to make electricity

  23. Wind Power Advantages • Less Expensive than in past • No emissions • Small physical footprint

  24. Wind Power Disadvantage • Unpredictable • Visual Impact • Sound • Bird deaths

  25. Hydroelectric (Falling Water)* • Falling water turns turbines • Degree of power determined by • amount of water • Distance water falls

  26. Hydroelectric (Falling Water)Advantages • No pollution

  27. Hydroelectric (Falling Water)Disadvantage • Fewer places for dams • Dam built on a river creating a lake where there used to be land. • Fish reproduction • Expensive to build

  28. Ocean Tides • Tides are caused by gravitational pull of moon & sun • 10 feet needed for energy • As water moves in or out, moves turbine

  29. Ocean Tides Advantages • More predictable • Free

  30. Ocean Tides Disadvantage • Affects plants and animals

  31. Geothermal • Energy deep within earth • Heat energy remaining in earth from gravitational formation of earth • Geysers • Used to heat homes, greenhouses, & factories

  32. Geothermal Advantages • Cost Effective • Clean (no emissions) • Efficient

  33. Geothermal Disadvantage • Drill into earth • Some harmful gases • Not many places for geothermal power plants

  34. Biofuels • GARBAGE! • As bacteria decompose waste, they make methane • Power plants and cars can use the methane gas for energy

  35. Biofuels Advantages* • Can find waste anywhere • Cheap

  36. Biofuels Disadvantage • Air pollution, depending on the type • Space (grown fuel)

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