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BIOL 1010 Human Anatomy

BIOL 1010 Human Anatomy. Dr. Joel Gluck Email: JGluck@ccri.edu Cell Phone: 401-952-1345. Why Study Anatomy?. Communication within the health professions. In order to understand the pathology of the human body, one must understand the normal. Learn the interaction between body systems.

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BIOL 1010 Human Anatomy

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  1. BIOL 1010Human Anatomy Dr. Joel Gluck Email: JGluck@ccri.edu Cell Phone: 401-952-1345

  2. Why Study Anatomy? • Communication within the health professions. • In order to understand the pathology of the human body, one must understand the normal. • Learn the interaction between body systems. • Define the significance between structure and function. • It’s Fun. (Personal opinion)

  3. Goals of the Course • To provide a common anatomical language • To relate the common language of anatomy to the functional morphology of the human body. • To provide a baseline of knowledge for the study of physiology. • Illustrate the principle that structure and function are related.

  4. Why Study Anatomy? • Provides an education rather than training. ie: you can train a monkey to do surgery but the monkey cannot fix a problem when it arises. • Terminology allows clear communication between medical professionals.

  5. Some definitions • Morphology -form that structures take on. -Morphology affects function • Structure -a part of the body. Can either be microscopic (small) or macroscopic (large). • Function -refers to physical behavior. What a structure does. -Function is related to structures=Functional Morphology

  6. Normal vs. Abnormal -We must understand the normal situation to be able to compare it with and recognize the abnormal. Topographic Anatomy -Structures on the surface of the skin can be used to identify and locate deeper structures, organs, and tissues beneath the skin.

  7. Structure defines and restricts function. - certain joints can only move in one direction. For example a hinge joint can only have motion perpendicular to the axis of the joint. The knee joint (hinge) cannot have motion in the lateral direction because that goes against the axis.

  8. Two Approaches to the Study of Anatomy • Systems Approach -study of one system at a time. -all muscles are studied together, all bones, etc.. • Regional Approach -all structures within a certain region are studied together. -ie: all structures in the head are looked at together. We will utilize theREGIONAL APPROACH.

  9. Laboratory Information • Hands on training. • Bring lab book, an atlas, and information your instructor tells you. • You must supply your own gloves. • Dissection kits will be supplied for you. • DO NOT CUT ANYTHING! This is blunt dissection. • Get a 4 or 5 color pen or a set of colored pencils.

  10. YOU MUST PASS BOTH LECTURE AND LAB TO PASS THE COURSE

  11. ANATOMY • Study of structure. ANA = apart TOMY = to cut

  12. Anatomical Terminology

  13. Superior Inferior

  14. Anatomical Position • This is a reference position that allows for the use of consistent directional terminology. • All descriptions of location are made from within anatomical position. Subject is facing forward with palms forward, thumbs facing to the sides.

  15. Anatomical Position This is the position from which all directions and descriptions are made. The person is standing erect, palms facing anteriorly, feet together and facing forward.

  16. Superior TRANSVERSE PLANE Inferior

  17. Body Midline EYES Medial SagittalPlane Lateral EARS

  18. The Extremities have a different set of terms The arm isDISTAL TO THE TRUNK or MIDLINE OF THE BODY The upper arm isPROXIMAL

  19. The eyes are SUPERIOR to the mouth. The mouth is INFERIOR to the eyes.

  20. BACK FRONT CORONAL P L A N E The gluteus maximus is POSTERIOR to the umbilicus. The umbilicus is ANTERIOR to the gluteus maximus. IN FRONT OF IN BACK OF Also called VENTRAL Also called DORSAL

  21. In four legged animals, the head is ANTERIOR to the tail. In two legged animals, the head is SUPERIOR to the tail. In four legged animals, the region toward the head is CRANIAL. The region toward the tail is CAUDAL.

  22. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE What is the relationship? knee to thigh Nipple to belly button Chin to eyes Little toe to big toe

  23. SKIN SUPERFICIAL – toward the surface DEEP – away from the surface

  24. DIRECTIONAL TERMS FOR MUSCLES ORIGIN – attachment of muscle on a fixed point, closest to midline INSERTION – attachment of muscle that is moveable, farthest from midline. THIGH BONE (FEMUR) LEG BONE

  25. Cardinal Body Planes Cardinal Body Planes

  26. Regional Terminology

  27. Note the difference between bipeds and quadrupeds. Reference Positions Note the synonomous pairs: Dorsal : posterior Ventral : anterior

  28. Organization of the Human Body • The body is organized from the smallest part to the largest part. • CELL -simplest structural unit -basic unit of life -smallest unit that can live on its own

  29. Tissue - a group of cells with common origin, structure, and function. - cells within a tissue all work toward a common goal (i.e.: movement, nutrition, etc.) • Organ - a group of tissues that have a common function.

  30. Organ System - a group of organs with a special function. - Digestive System, Nervous System, etc… • Organism - A group of organ systems that at some point in time is capable of sustaining life. - All organ systems work together in an organism.

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