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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Marine Reptiles, Birds, & Mammals. Tetrapods. Four footed animals. Terrapods. Land animals. Amphibians. Class: Amphibia Frogs, toads, & salamanders. Characteristics. Soft delicate eggs must remain moist, born in water, move to land, porous skin, cold blooded. Reptiles.

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 • Marine Reptiles, Birds, & Mammals

  2. Tetrapods • Four footed animals

  3. Terrapods • Land animals

  4. Amphibians • Class: Amphibia • Frogs, toads, & salamanders

  5. Characteristics • Soft delicate eggs must remain moist, born in water, move to land, porous skin, cold blooded

  6. Reptiles • Class: Reptilia • Snakes, lizards, alligators, & crocodiles

  7. Characteristics • Leathery eggs on land, born on land, scales, cold blooded, air breathing, internal fertilization

  8. Unusual ExamplesIguanas, Turtles, Crocs

  9. Homing Behavior • Returning to the identical island where the organism was born

  10. Birds • Class: Aves • puffins, penguins, etc

  11. Characteristics • Hard shelled eggs, beaks, adaptations for flight, warm blooded

  12. Sea Birds • Mate on land but feed at sea at least some of the time

  13. Types of Sea Birds • Penguins Gulls • Tubenoses Shorebirds • Pelicans Duck & G

  14. Penguins • Swimming birds

  15. Tubenoses • Only come to shore to mate • Albatross

  16. Pelicans & Allies • Nest on shore & feed at sea • Pelicans, etc.

  17. Gulls • Garbage bird • Lives on land & feeds near shore • Sea Gull

  18. Shore Birds • Those birds that wade along the shoreline & feed

  19. Ducks & Geese • Nest in Estuaries • Migrating birds

  20. Unusual ExamplesPenguins

  21. Marine Mammals • Class: Mammalia • Seals, Whales, etc.

  22. Characteristics • Mammary Glands • Hair • Blubber • Live birth

  23. Blubber • Thick layer of fat just below the skin that insulates the mammals from the cold water

  24. Order: Carnivora: • Examples: Polar bears & sea otters • Tearing teeth, ripping claws,carnivorous

  25. Order: Pinnipedia: • Examples: Seals, sea lions, walruses • Tearing teeth, fins carnivorous

  26. Order: Sirenia: • Examples: Manatees, sea cows • Herbivore; docile, almost completely adapted to the sea

  27. Order: Cetacea: • Whales, dolphin, etc • Completely adapted to sea, fluke , blowhole, echolocation, live birth in the sea

  28. Fluke • Horizontal tail of whales & dolphins

  29. Echolocation • Using sound waves to locate objects • Like SONAR

  30. Blowhole • Single or double opening on the dorsal side of a whale used for breathing

  31. Convergent Evolution • When different species living under the same environmental conditions develop similar characteristics

  32. Divergent Evolution • When similar species living under different environmental conditions develop different characteristics

  33. Whale Groups • Toothed whales: have teeth • Non-toothed whales: have baleen instead of teeth

  34. Baleen • Fibrous, fingernail like material hanging from the upper jaw used to strain food in non-toothed whales

  35. Toothed Whales • Dolphin, Porpoise, Killer whale, Beluga, narwal, & Sperm whale

  36. Non-Toothed Whales • Baleen whales • Blue, gray, fin, humpback, right

  37. Spermaceti • Gland full of oil (also called spermaceti) in the head of a sperm whale

  38. Ambergris • Partially digested debris in the stomach & intestines of sperm whales • Used for perfume

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