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MORPHOLOGY definition; variability among languages

MORPHOLOGY definition; variability among languages. What is a morpheme? The smallest unit that has a meaning or grammatical function. Free morpheme v. bound morpheme. Free morphemes are single morphemes which constitute words.

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MORPHOLOGY definition; variability among languages

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  1. MORPHOLOGY • definition; • variability among languages

  2. What is a morpheme? The smallest unit that has a meaning or grammatical function

  3. Free morpheme v. bound morpheme • Free morphemes are single morphemes which constitute words. • Bound morphemes are morphemes which can only occur in words attached to other morphemes: prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc.

  4. Affixes An affix is a bound morpheme attached to a stem or root morpheme Types of affixes are: suffix, prefix, infix, circumfix

  5. A single word may be composed of one or more morphemes 1 morpheme product 2 morphemes productive 3 morphemes productivity 4 morphemes unproductivity

  6. What type of word is the suffix -er attached to? As the meaning (function) of this suffix can vary, we must consider these two different morphemes.

  7. Derivational v. Inflectional affixes Derivational affixes • change part of speech or meaning of word • are not required by syntax • are not productive • occur before inflectional suffixes • may be prefixes or suffixes

  8. Derivational v. Inflectional affixes Inflectional affixes • meaning isn’t changed; neither is part of speech. (different form of word produced) • required by syntax; typically indicate syntactic or semantic relations between different words • are very productive • occur at margin of word • in English, only suffixes

  9. Content v. function morphemes Content morphemesare morphemes which carry semantic content. Function morphemesare morphemes which have a grammatical function derivational morphemes are content morphemes and inflectionalmorphemes are function morphemes

  10. Are free morphemes content or function morphemes? BOTH

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