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Understanding the Equine Skeletal System: The Composition and Structure of Bones

Explore the intricate components of the equine skeletal system, including the periosteum, compact bone, and spongy bone. Learn about the osteon, Haversian canal, and medullary cavity, which house vital blood vessels and nerves. Discover how ligaments and cartilage support movement, while the synovial fluid reduces friction at joints. This overview highlights the essential roles of bone marrow and the cushioning properties of connective tissues, providing an essential understanding of skeletal health and function in horses.

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Understanding the Equine Skeletal System: The Composition and Structure of Bones

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  1. Equine Skeletal System By Jess and Keara

  2. What bones are made of?

  3. Periosteum • fibrous membrane rich in blood vessels that envelopes the bone, except at the articular surfaces; it contributes especially to the bone’s growth in thickness.

  4. Compact Bone • dense bone tissue composed of osteons, which resist pressure and shocks and protect the spongy tissue; it forms especially the diaphysis of the long bones. • Osteon- elementary cylindrical structure of the compact bone made up of four to 20 concentric bone plates that surround the Haversian canal.

  5. Haversian Canal Osteon • Elementary cylindrical structure of the compact bone made up of four to 20 concentric bone plates that surround the Haversian canal. • Lengthwise central canal of the osteon enclosing blood vessels and nerves.

  6. Spongy Bone • Tissue made of bony compartments separated by cavities filled with bone marrow, blood vessels and nerves • This structure gives bones their lightness.

  7. Medullary Cavity • Cylindrical central cavity of the bone containing the bone marrow • Encloses lipid-rich yellow bone marrow • Soft substance contained in bone cavities, • producing blood cells; • marrow is yellow in the long bones of adults. Bone Marrow

  8. Volkmann’s Canal • Transverse canals of the compact bone enclosing blood vessels and nerves; • Connect the Haversian canals with each other and with the medullary cavity and the periosteum Blood Vessel • Channel in the bone through which the blood circulates, carrying the nutrients and mineral salts the bone requires

  9. Articular Cartilage • Smooth resistant elastic tissue covering the terminal part of the bone where it articulates with another bone • it facilitates movement and absorbs shocks

  10. Connective Tissue

  11. Ligaments • Link bones • Sheets of strong, fibrous connective tissue • Identical to tendons in muscular system • Only difference is there function • Ligaments attach bone to bone and tendons attach muscle to bone

  12. Cushioning… • Cartilage • Smooth resistant elastic tissue covering the terminal part of the bone where it articulates with another bone • it facilitates movement and absorbs shocks • Synovial Fluid

  13. Sources • http://visual.merriam-webster.com/human-being/anatomy/skeleton/structure-long-bone.php • http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html#joints

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