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Background Information on the Puritans

Background Information on the Puritans. 1492 - Christopher Columbus lands in the Bahamas 1607 - Jamestown established 1620 - Pilgrims land 1636 - Harvard College founded. Who were the Puritans?. From England Struggled for years to purify the church of England Influences

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Background Information on the Puritans

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  1. Background Information on the Puritans 1492 - Christopher Columbus lands in the Bahamas 1607 - Jamestown established 1620 - Pilgrims land 1636 - Harvard College founded

  2. Who were the Puritans? • From England • Struggled for years to purify the church of England • Influences • Martin Luther who believed men are inherently evil and God is omnipotent • John Calvin who believed in predestination-belief that your afterlife has already been determined before birth

  3. Why did the Puritans Seek Permanent Settlement in the Colonies? • Many suffered from physical religious persecution • Physical mutilation-noses slit, ears cut, burnings • Thrown in jail • Freedom to practice religion • Sought to simplify and purify the church • Model directly after God’s word • Create a “new Eden” • No intermediary between the individual and God

  4. Pilgrims (A.K.A. Separatists)-Plymouth, Massachusetts • 1620-A small group of Europeans sailing from England on the Mayflower. These passengers were religious reformers who were critical of the Church of England. Having given up hope from purifying the church from within, they chose instead to withdraw from the church-earning the name SEPERATISTS (a.k.a.-Pilgrims). • The Separatists established a settlement at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts. With the help of the natives, the pilgrims were able to survive the harshness of North America. • Eventually, Plymouth was engulfed by the Mass. Bay Colony, a much larger settlement to the north.

  5. Write this down:Belief system of the Puritans • Humans are basically corrupt • Only a few receive salvation, called the “elect” • They are in a compact/covenant with God • God has already predetermined these elect, but they can never be sure of it so they must be good (and act like the “elect” should) • They can only accomplish this good through hard work and self discipline

  6. Write this Down:Puritan Values • Idealism: They were the “ideal” and the “chosen people” and had high standards • Education was power • Reading the Bible made God attainable • Women were educated • Free public school • Harvard • Conversion Experience let the elect know who they were; a spiritual experience • Introspection: monitor your own behavior and thoughts • Symbolism: everything happened for a reason and “meant” something • Practicality and Service: hard work strengthened faith

  7. Write this Down:Puritan Writing • Plain style: a clear statement is the highest goal; no fancy language • Sparse, Simple and Straightforward. The Puritan Plain Style is characterized by short words, direct statements, and reference to everyday, ordinary objects. • New England Primer: combined religion and morals with math and spelling (“In Adam’s Fall/We Sinned All.”) • Journals and Diaries: good for introspection (self-examination) • Fiction/Drama = SINFUL • Poetry: a vehicle of spiritual enlightenment • More about the message than form • Should serve God by clearly expressing only useful or religious ideas – poetry appealing to the senses or emotion is dangerous.

  8. John Smith / William Bradford1607 1620 • Smith helped to establish the first English settlement in America • He also was a famous explorer responsible for mapping much of New England • Bradford lead the Puritans to Massachusetts • He was elected governor by the Pilgrims • He is credited with helping the early Pilgrims survive

  9. Edward Taylor / Anne Bradstreet • He was educated both in England and in America at Harvard • He is considered the best colonial poet. • He was a highly religious man • Came to America with her husband at the age of 18 • Her works were published without her consent by her brother-in-law • She is the most famous woman poet of the period

  10. Mary Rowlandson • Captured by indians during a raid… • Provides an account of her experiences- “Narrative of the Captivity” -attempts to show God’s purpose / work in her life, even in midst of such horrible and difficult circumstances

  11. The Great Awakening • A series of Puritan religious revivals led by such people as Jonathan Edwards- • “Sinners in the hands of an Angry God”- (Sermon used as motivation by Edwards as revivals swept through colonies around 1720.)

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