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Canopy Morphology in CFD Simulations

This study by Cian Desmond, Simon Watson, and Sandrine Auburn explores the effects of canopy morphology on wind energy dissipation through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. Key variables analyzed include total leaf area density (LAD) and its correlation with kinetic energy resistance from wind. Utilizing validation data from wind tunnel experiments, the research emphasizes the importance of accurate LAD profiles over geometric factors. The findings suggest that effective tools for measuring LAD can improve canopy models without significantly increasing computational demands.

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Canopy Morphology in CFD Simulations

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  1. Canopy Morphology in CFD Simulations Cian Desmond, Simon Watson, Sandrine Auburn

  2. Production of kinetic energy Resisting force Wind Dissipation of kinetic energy LEAF AREA DENSITY Current Method

  3. A(z) = Total one sided Leaf area (m2) Total volume (m3) δ z Leaf Area Density

  4. IS THIS BENEFICIAL? LEAF AREA DENSITY Canopy Structure

  5. Validation Data

  6. Available data: • Mean U, V, W • Variance u’, v’, w’ • Lucien Malavard wind tunnel • 5m x 5m x 12m • U∞ = 4.5 m/s • Stereo – PIV measurments • Two 2048 x 2048 pixel cameras Validation Data

  7. a(z) = Source + Sink Terms Model Trees

  8. ANSYS CFX 14.0 • RANS Simulation • SST Turbulence Model • Cells: 6,721,511 • 10 x cells beneath canopy CFD

  9. Results

  10. Velocity Correlation 10 x LAD Profile Full LAD Profile Full LAD Profile z z Mean LAD Correlation coefficient LAD LAD CHEAP Mean LAD Full LAD Profile z Mean LAD LAD EXPENSIVE Morphology

  11. Hc Inlet Hc 2 Hc 3 Hc 4Hc 5Hc 6Hc 7 Hc 8Hc 9Hc 10Hc 11Hc 12 Hc Inlet Inlet Velocity (m/s) TKE (m2/s2) CFD Wind tunnel CFD V Wind Tunnel

  12. TKE 4 Hc 12 Hc 40 Hc Ambient turbulence + 25% 9 Hc 4 Hc Hc Extent of wake

  13. OS maps can be misleading • Seasonal, annual and forest management variations • Correct LAD profile more important than geometry • Cheap, effective tools exist to accurately measure LAD • No significant increase in computation time by ddincluding full LAD profile • Tuning of LAD to match observations can cause issues • – Stability? Conclusions

  14. Project Reference: 238576

  15. links.fm/cian

  16. Sirta site Percentage occurance Wind speed at 100m - Unstable - Neutral - Stable Results

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